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Artprice by Artmarket publishes its 2020/21 Contemporary Art Market Report. With Frieze and FIAC soon re-opening, the Contemporary art market has grown 2,700% in volume over the last 21 years and 117% within the last 12 months, essentially driven by NFTs
According to thierry Ehrmann, CEO of Artmarket.com and Founder of Artprice:
Sales strategies offering a large number of works at relatively affordable prices and growing demand from multi-generational collectors allowed the Contemporary art segment to resist the negative impacts of the health crisis a lot better than any other segment.
In fact, the 2020/21 period marks the Contemporary segment’s best year in auction history, both in terms of lots sold and in terms of global auction turnover, and it saw the Contemporary art segment move into a new space vis-à-vis the rest of the art market.
Part of this movement was driven by the sensational arrival of NFTs and the staggering prices obtained for works by very young artists, both of which appear to have profoundly transformed the art market’s overall landscape. The NFTs very likely mark a substantial acceleration of the Hegelian power struggle that will release artists from their condition of slavery and make them masters of their own markets… and reconfigure the entire global art market in the process.
The 2020/21 period also saw a very marked opening of the Eastern art market to Western art, a trend that has allowed Hong Kong to establishing itself as the world’s second hub for buying and selling Contemporary art after New York.
In the past 21 years, the Contemporary art market has posted a volume increase of +2,700% and it rose sharply by +117% last year. It is now a fully-fledged global market, active on five continents.
“As an artist/sculptor for over 35 years and creator of the Organe Contemporary Art Museum (dubbed “Museum of the Future” by L’Obs. https://youtu.be/29LXBPJrs-o) which manages the Abode of Chaos, I believe that in 2021 – in a society that is rapidly destroying all forms of singularity – Contemporary art remains the last singular domain of activity that can affirm our humanity. And I believe this explains the growing passion for art which now attracts 120 million collectors, professionals and art enthusiasts.”
As announced exclusively on AFP on 4 October 2021 (along with key figures), Artprice’s 2020/21 Contemporary Art Market Report is now (5 October 2021) online in full. This Report represents an essential tool as we head into the major autumn art fairs (notably the Frieze and the Fiac) and is now available free of charge at the following address:
https://www.artprice.com/artprice-reports/the-contemporary-art-market-report-2021
All-segment price index v s. Contemporary segment price index

Key figures
This performance sets Contemporary Art apart from all other periods of creation.
102,000 C ontemporary works sold at auction over 12 months generating a total of $2.7 billion,
up 117% compared with the 2019/20 period (which shrank 34% vs. 2018/2019).
Contemporary Art accounted for 23% of the entire art market in 2020/21, vs. 3% in 2000/01;
that’s eight times more lots sold and 26 times more value than 20 years ago.
The offer of Contemporary artworks has never been so diversified and so well in tune with demand, with 70% of the works offered finding buyers.
It covered works by 34,600 artists, including 1,300 auction debuts (i.e. new to the auction market) and it generated 5,000 new auction records.
The works were sold through 770 auction houses in 59 different countries.
In terms of turnover, Christie’s (32%), Sotheby’s (26%) and Phillips (10%) accounted for two-thirds of the global total.
In terms of location, New York and Hong Kong hammered 60% of total global turnover from Contemporary art.
Painting was the top category, both in terms of value (73%) and in terms of lots sold (42%).
Painting accounted for 82% of the 7-digit results versus 6% for drawing and 6% for sculpture.
The NFT medium already generated nine 7-digit results, i.e. three times more than the photography medium in the same period.
Our Contemporary Art Price Index has climbed 400% since 2000.
Jean-Michel Basquiat’s painting In This Case (1983) was worth $1million in 2002. In 2021 it fetched $93 million!
China became the world’s leading hub for Contemporary art, accounting for 40% of the segment’s global turnover.
Unsurprisingly, the USA (32%) and the UK (16%) were in second and third place.
Hong Kong posted exceptional turnover growth of +277% overtaking London.
Beijing also posted respectable turnover on the Contemporary segment with $305 million (up 161%).
Paris was in 5th place with $55 million, lagging even further behind its primary global competitors.
Marking the first-ever sale of an NFT in a public sale, Beeple’s Everydays alone accounted for 3% ($69 million) of the Contemporary art segment’s total turnover.
Banksy joined the Top 5 best-selling artists on the entire art market, behind Picasso, Basquiat, Warhol and Monet.
At just 34 years old, the American artist Avery Singer saw one of her paintings fetch over $4 million at auction.
FRIEZE versus FIAC:
London will soon be hosting the Frieze art fair and its museums, galleries and auction houses will no doubt once again demonstrate the strength of its art market, just two weeks before Paris draws the international art community towards the FIAC.
While the UK capital has little to fear from the French capital (which generates only half of London’s fine art auction turnover), it must nevertheless be concerned by the rise of Hong Kong. The former British colony has become ultra-attractive, especially for the high-end Contemporary art market. In H1 2021 alone Hong Kong generated $962 million compared with $1.2 billion in the UK.
London nevertheless remains unavoidable for Modern art (with the sale this year of a superb painting by Kandinsky) and it is still contributing to Banksy’s extraordinary market ascent with a new record at $23.3 million. In terms of annual auction turnover, the anonymous street artist, originally from Bristol, is now the world’s most popular living artist on the secondary market.
Methodology
This report analyzes the Contemporary art market (artists born after 1945) based on public auction results for works of Fine Art hammered around the world between 1 July 2020 and 30 June 2021.
It concerns only results for paintings, sculptures, installations, drawings, photographs, prints, videos and NFTs, and excludes anonymous cultural artefacts and furniture.
All sums quoted in US dollars ($) refer to hammer prices, including buyer premiums, converted to US dollars on the day of the sale.
2021, an exceptional vintage
The Contemporary art segment (artists born after 1945) posted a historic auction turnover performance in H1 2021, up 50% versus H1 2019 (and five times the total hammered in H1 2020, impacted by the early days of the covid pandemic).
At the root of this historic performance ($1.58 billion in H1 2021) there was a rapid adaptation of the Contemporary art market during the second half of 2020 in response to the health crisis and involving a successful transition to online sales and an equally successful orientation of the market towards a new and emerging population of Contemporary art buyers. The resulting growth was particularly visible in the United States ($592 million in H1 2021) and Hong Kong ($435 million), but also in Germany ($21.7 million) all of which posted unprecedented turnover totals for a first semester on the Contemporary segment.
The Modern (-8%) and Post-War (-4%) segments did not quite regain the levels of activity that prevailed before the health crisis, making the Contemporary segment’s performance look even more pronounced. Twenty years ago, Contemporary art accounted for just 3% of the entire art market. In H1 2021, it represented 23%. With a total of over $300 million in just six months (twice Andy Warhol’s total in the same semester) Jean-Michel Basquiat alone generated 4.3% of the entire art market’s auction turnover (all periods combined).
Semestrial auction turnover from Contemporary a rt around the world

Asia … the m arket pivots towards the East
After an extremely difficult 2020, China, Hong Kong and Taiwan posted exceptional performances in H1 2021) taking their total turnover from sales of Contemporary art for the 2020/21 period to USD 1 billion, i.e. 40% of the segment’s global turnover.
The Asian market has therefore become the primary global hub for sales of Contemporary art and these sales concerned Asian artists of course, but also a growing number of Western artists. This new phenomenon reflects an increasingly solid and active market in Asia and the Pacific rim.
Geographical breakdown of Contemporary a rt a uction turnover (2020/21)

Four artists representing four major trends:
Banksy (1971) – Street Art recognized as a major global discipline
At 47 years old, the anonymous Street artist is one of the world’s top-five most successful signatures on the secondary market, all creative periods combined.
In the specifically Contemporary segment, he ranked second behind Basquiat with a turnover total volume of $181 million, representing 7% of the segment’s total income. This represents a new record for one of the three most sough-after artists on the Contemporary art market.
Over the last five years, Banksy’s annual turnover total has been growing exponentially: $3 million in 2016, $7 million in 2017, $16 million in 2018, $29 million in 2019, $67 million in 2020 and $123 million in H1 2021…
Amy Sherald ( 1973) – Woman Power
One of the strongest results in the 2020/21 period was for a work by Amy Sherald, the artist who painted Michelle Obama’s official portrait in 2018 and who has since been represented by Hauser & Wirth.
On 7 December 2020 Phillips sold her painting The Bathers (2015) for an impressive $4.26 million, 21 times its high estimate. The canvas depicts two black women in colorful swimsuits against a blue background. Six months later Phillips hammered another mega-result for her canvas It Made Sense… Mostly In Her Mind (2011), again in New York. Estimated between $500,000 and $700,000, the work fetched over $3.5 million.
These two results dwarfed the artist’s previous auction record of $350,000 in 2019.
Beeple (1981) – The viral madness of NFTs
Completely unknown to the traditional art auction market last year, Beeple is today one of the three most expensive living artists in the world – all media combined – after David Hockney and Jeff Koons.
With a single result that was not only colossal but was also online and for a non-fungible token and paid in Ethers, Beeple attracted the second best Contemporary art auction bid of the 2020/21 period. The first NFT ever offered in a public auction, Beeple’s Everydays: The first 5000 Days (2021) fetched an eye-watering $69.3 million against a starting price of $100… and for an artist who had no gallery, no exhibitions and no previous auction sales!
But he did have several million followers on Instagram and the support of Christie’s, one of the oldest and most reputable auction houses on the planet.
Amoako Boafo (1984) – The art market is also integrating Black Lives Matter
Another young artist now selling internationally is Amoako Boafo. On 2 December 2020 he made a sensational auction debut in Hong Kong (Christie’s) with a canvas titled Baba Diop that fetched a new personal record at $1.14 million, 10 times its low estimate.
It was therefore not that surprising when the following day his drawing Untitled (Two Hands) multiplied its high estimate by ten, also at Christie’s Hong Kong.
Images:
[https://imgpublic.artprice.com/img/wp/sites/11/2021/10/image1-price-index-all-vs-contemporary-artprice-artmarket-EN.png]
[https://imgpublic.artprice.com/img/wp/sites/11/2021/10/image2-world-contemporary-semestrial-auction-turnover-artprice-artmarket-EN.png]
Copyright 1987-2021 thierry Ehrmann www.artprice.com – www.artmarket.com
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Artmarket.com publishes Artprice 2020 Art Market Report highlighting a veritable paradigm shift: the pandemic imposed an unprecedented digitization of the market… that saved auction turnovers.
Our 23rd Annual Art Market Report offers a global analysis of public sales of Fine Art – painting, sculpture, drawing, photographs, prints, installations – between 1 January and 31 December 2020.
What was, at one point, anticipated as a ‘blank year’ for the Art Market, turned out to be much more positive than expected. The cancellation of fairs, exhibitions and all sales in March 2020 prompted fears of a complete shutdown of the art industry. But unlike museums, which have suffered the full impact of covid-related restrictions, the auction houses quickly found ways to preserve the core of their activities thanks to the dematerialization via digital technology: versus 2019, they maintained 79% of their turnover and sold a volume of lots equivalent to 91% of the previous year’s total.
Artprice’s Art Market Confidence Index in 2020 * AMCI: Art Market Confidence Index

Our 2020 Art Market Report is available free of charge, in full, and in three languages, both online and as a PDF file:
- French: https://fr.artprice.com/artprice-reports/le-marche-de-lart-en-2020
- English: https://www.artprice.com/artprice-reports/the-art-market-in-2020
- Mandarin: https://zh.artprice.com/artprice-reports/zh-the-art-market-in-2020
thierry Ehrmann, President and Founder of Artmarket.com and its Artprice department, is pleased to announce the free publication of the 23rd Annual Art Market Report (2020):
“The pandemic which took the world by surprise has forced Art Market professionals to accelerate a digitization process that they had been procrastinating for too long. Twelve months ago, this industry still showed a certain resistance to anything related to digital culture, which resulted in a reluctance to implement effective IT tools. In contrast to this delay, which has left much of the art sector almost thirty years behind the rest of the economy, Artprice has never stopped innovating and preparing the ground for the inevitable future.
So it is with much enthusiasm – despite the situation – that our group has supported all the key actors of the Art Market to take on a historic challenge… to repair in just a few months (sometimes even just a few weeks) three decades of obstinacy”.
Art Market 2.0
The Art Market has adopted a new economic model and reached a new equilibrium that the most optimistic projections were not expecting to see before 2025. It is now much better equipped to work with contemporary ways of living and collecting, i.e. those of the 21st century.
With this 23rd Annual Report, Artprice and its editorial partner Artron are proud to provide a global analysis of this paradigm through a focus on the following questions:
- How has the pandemic impacted the art market?
- How has digital technology affected the market and what will tomorrow’s market look like?
- Why has China’s market resisted so well?
- How have collectors reacted?
- What types of works are most in-demand?
- Which artists have reached records despite the crisis?
- How have social-cultural upheavals – from #MeToo to Black Lives Matter – impacted the Art Market?
The report also contains Artprice’s famous Top-500 ranking of the world’s most sought-after artists and a month-by-month breakdown of the highlights of the art market in 2020 as it struggled to meet the unprecedented challenges prompted by the health crisis.
China in pole position
The report underscores the place China now holds on the global Art Market: that of the most serious competitor to the United States. Although the Chinese art market has its own codes, it is more interesting for that reason and it makes for a particularly substantial and fascinating editorial partnership between Artprice and Artron.
Top 10 countries by Fine Art auction turnover (change vs 2019)
1. China (Artron): $4,163,871,200 (+2%)
2. United States: $2,804,272,300 (-39%)
3. United Kingdom: $1,552,937,500 (-30%)
4. France: $578,347,600 (-31%)
5. Germany: $298,834,000 (+11%)
6. Italy: $142,404,000 (-32%)
7. Switzerland: $110,967,500 (+5%)
8. Japan: $95,366,400 (-14%)
9. Austria: $91,117,515 (-8%)
10. Poland: $89,672,059 (+1%)
Geographical breakdown of Fine Art auction turnover in 2020

Looking at our other key market indicators, the Artprice100© benchmark index has increased by +405% since 1 January 2000. In 2020, this blue-chip artists index posted an increase of +1.8%.
Contemporary Art, both in the West and in Asia, is still the locomotive of the Art Market, despite the pandemic context.
In sum, despite a global tragedy that is unique in social and modern economic history, the Art Market has rebounded via digital technology, which it has massively adopted within a record time and which has allowed the market’s turnover contraction to be limited to just -21%, which in itself – given the circumstances – is a superb performance.
Images:
[https://imgpublic.artprice.com/img/wp/sites/11/2021/03/1-EN-AMCI-Art-Market-Confidence-Index.png]
[https://imgpublic.artprice.com/img/wp/sites/11/2021/03/2-EN-FINEART2020.png]
Copyright 1987-2021 thierry Ehrmann www.artprice.com – www.artmarket.com
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Artprice (Beijing): The West’s immense interest in Chinese art
Far from Beijing and Shanghai, thousands of kilometers from the Middle Kingdom, masterpieces of Chinese art survive, change hands and move from collection to collection. In New York, London, Paris and Brussels, Western collectors – fascinated by an entirely different relationship to drawing, writing, form and colour – are keen to obtain historical works of Chinese art – sometimes thousands of years old.
thierry Ehrmann : “Europeans and Americans are also interested in the great 20th century Chinese masters, especially those who managed to build bridges with Western culture… while lots of Contemporary Chinese artists (graduates of major art schools in the country) have managed to garner the support of some prestigious galleries in the United States and to seduce some of the Western world’s most powerful collectors”.
Top 5 Chinese artists outside China
by 2018 Auction Turnover
Zao Wou-Ki (1921-2013) 赵无极 – $31,250,600
Zhang Daqian (1899-1983) 张大千 – $18,509,500
Pan Tianshou (Attrib.) (1897-1971) 潘天寿 – $4,804,000
Lin Fengmian (1900-1991) 林风眠 – $3,118,500
Yang Feiyun (1954) 楊飛雲 – $2,793,300
The awakening and consolidation of the Chinese art market obviously had a profound impact on exchanges of all Chinese artworks throughout the world. In recent years, the price ratings of many Chinese artists have grown exponentially, thanks to a massive, passionate and impatient will to regain control of their own heritage.
Little by little, Chinese artworks are ending up back in their country of origin: Chinese collectors are today – logically – the largest purchasers of Chinese art. As a result, Westerners wishing to participate in this market are forced to follow the prices movements or step out of the ring. As the centre of gravity of the global Art Market shifts towards the East, a new price equilibrium is emerging. And Chinese artworks are the first to benefit.
The artist Fang Lijun in his studio, welcoming Wan Jie (Chairman of the Artron Group), on the right, and thierry Ehrmann (Artprice Chairman), in the center.
Art made in Europe
The paintings of several Chinese artists who settled in Europe during the first two thirds of the 20th century are particularly sought-after by Western buyers, especially since the 2008 financial crisis. In 2000, San Yu’s (常 玉) Woman with arms raised (c. 1920-1930) was acquired for $1,200 at Piasa in Paris; it has just been sold for $170,000 at Sotheby’s in the French capital.
And this result is far from being an isolated case. The prices of works by Chu Teh Chun show overall growth comparable to that of San Yu’s works: +2,000% since the beginning of the 21st century according to Artprice’s price index calculations.
There can be no doubt that the extraordinary value accretions of the Franco-Chinese lyrical abstractions created by Chu Teh Chun and, to an even higher level, of those created by Zao Wou-Ki, have been substantially boosted by the recent deaths of these artists (2014 and 2013 respectively). In the long run, their price charts show a stunning evolution.
Zao Wou-Ki’s painting 23.05.64 was auctioned for the first time in 1991 by the auction house Briest in Paris for $78,000. In December 2000, an Asian collector acquired it at Camels (in Paris again) for $251,600. On 30 September 2018, the same piece fetched $11,547,240 at Sotheby’s in Hong Kong!
The return of Chinese works
Via Hong Kong, the Chinese Art Market is managing to recover lots of masterpieces dispersed all over the world. Among the most recent, an imposing 4.35 metre long scroll featuring a painting by Su Shi 苏 轼, active in the 11th century, was sold for $59,206,800 at Poly last month. The scroll, which also contains four colophons by major Chinese intellectuals between the 11th and 17th centuries, was kept in a private Japanese collection after spending many years in Tokyo’s Soraikan Collection.
As Alex Chang, CEO of Hong Kong’s Poly auction house, explained in Artprice’s 2017 Contemporary Art Market Report: “I think there will eventually be a junction point between Oriental art and Western art. […] However, I believe that as far as traditional Chinese art is concerned, Western collectors will probably continue to focus their interest primarily on objects and antiques, while Asian collectors will prefer Chinese calligraphy and painting”.
The conquest of America…
The major American galleries play a vital role in the dissemination of Contemporary Chinese art in the world. Not only by offering them exposure in their exhibition spaces located in the world’s principal economic capitals, but also by their participation in the world’s most prestigious Contemporary art fairs.
In this context, the contribution of the Pace Gallery (which has branches in New York, London, Beijing, Hong Kong, Palo Alto, Seoul and Geneva) has allowed more or less the entire Western world to discover a whole wave of Contemporary artists Chinese. Of the 12 currently represented by the Pace Gallery, six were graduates from the famous Capital Academy of Fine Art in Beijing between the late 1980s and early 2000s (Qia Xiaofei). This school has been an incredible breeding ground for new Chinese artistic creation. But the country’s most famous Contemporary painters were not all graduates from this Academy. Zhang Xiaogang and Yue Minjun – both represented by the Pace Gallery and among the most popular Chinese oil painters for Western collectors – received artistic training at the Sichuan Fine Arts Institute and the Hebei Normal University respectively.
In their next Art Market Report (March 2019), Artprice and their exclusive partner Artron (chaired by thierry Ehrmann and Wan Jie respectively), will offer a detailed analysis of the different facets of the Chinese Art Market and of the growing success of the country’s artists.
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Copyright ©2019 thierry Ehrmann – www.artprice.com
About Artprice:
Artprice is listed on the Eurolist by Euronext Paris, SRD long only and Euroclear: 7478 – Bloomberg: PRC – Reuters: ARTF.
Founded by thierry Ehrmann (see Who’s who certified Biography ) (c) https://imgpublic.artprice.com/img/wp/sites/11/2018/10/bio-2019-whos-who-thierry-ehrmann.pdf ).
Dicover Artprice in video: https://www.artprice.com/video
Artprice is the global leader in art price and art index databanks. It has over 30 million indices and auction results covering more than 700,000 artists. Artprice Images® gives unlimited access to the largest Art Market resource in the world: a library of 126 million images or prints of artworks from the year 1700 to the present day, along with comments by Artprice’s art historians.
Artprice permanently enriches its databanks with information from 6,300 auctioneers and it publishes a constant flow of art market trends for the world’s principal news agencies and approximately 7,200 international press publications. For its 4,500,000 members, Artprice gives access to the world’s leading Standardised Marketplace for buying and selling art. Artprice is preparing its blockchain for the Art Market. It is BPI-labelled (scientific national French label) Artprice’s Global Art Market Annual Report for 2017 published last March 2018: https://www.artprice.com/artprice-reports/the-art-market-in-2017
Artprice is associated with Artron Group the Chinese leader in the Art Market, its solid institutional partner.
About the Artron Group:
“Artron Art Group (Artron), a comprehensive cultural industrial group founded in 1993 by Wan jie, is committed to inheriting, enhancing and spreading art value. Based on abundant art data, Artron provides art industry and art fans with professional service and experience of quality products by integrated application of IT, advanced digital science and innovative crafts and materials. Having produced more than 60,000 books and auction catalogues, Artron is the world’s largest art book printer with a total print volume of 300 million a year. It has more than 3 million professional members in the arts sector and an average of 15 million daily visits, making it the world’s leading art website.”
Artron’s Web: www.Artron.net
Artprice’s Contemporary Art Market Annual Report for 2017 – free access at: https://www.artprice.com/artprice-reports/the-contemporary-art-market-report-2017
Artprice’s press releases:
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Discover the Alchemy and the universe of Artprice http://web.artprice.com/video, which headquarters are the famous Museum of Contemporary Art, the Abode of Chaos:
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As of today, 1 January 2019, Artprice is accessible to new Chinese customers via Artron.net, the most visited art website in the world.
The year is beginning in excellent circumstances for Artprice and its shareholders! As planned, Artron, our Chinese institutional partner, has posted the artprice.com logo on the principal home page of its Chinese website artron.net, giving immediate access to our high-end subscriptions.
https://zh.artprice.com/artron
Artprice is currently one of the very few Western companies to be accessible from inside China and its gated Internet system.
Artron.net receives more than 5.4 billion visits per year and has 3 million professional members who correspond to Artprice’s primary target clientele.
“We have overcome all the obstacles, and here we are in China! I thank Artron and President Wan Jie who opened the doors for us.” says thierry Ehrmann, Artprice’s founder/CEO.
And from Artron’s side, its founding President Wan Jie says “We share a common vision and a common sense of perfection. Our nine years of cooperation have resulted in a game changer for the history of the global Art Market and we are both looking forward to exceptional economic results in 2019.”
Artprice would like to wish its loyal shareholders a very Happy & Prosperous New Year!
About Artprice:
Founded by thierry Ehrmann (see Who’s who certified Biography ) (c) https://imgpublic.artprice.com/img/wp/sites/11/2018/10/bio-2019-whos-who-thierry-ehrmann.pdf ).
Artprice is listed on the Eurolist by Euronext Paris, SRD long only and Euroclear: 7478 – Bloomberg: PRC – Reuters: ARTF.
Dicover Artprice in video: https://www.artprice.com/video
Artprice is the global leader in art price and art index databanks. It has over 30 million indices and auction results covering more than 700,000 artists. Artprice Images® gives unlimited access to the largest Art Market resource in the world: a library of 126 million images or prints of artworks from the year 1700 to the present day, along with comments by Artprice’s art historians.
Artprice permanently enriches its databanks with information from 6,300 auctioneers and it publishes a constant flow of art market trends for the world’s principal news agencies and approximately 7,200 international press publications. For its 4,500,000 members, Artprice gives access to the world’s leading Standardised Marketplace for buying and selling art. Artprice is preparing its blockchain for the Art Market. It is BPI-labelled (scientific national French label) Artprice’s Global Art Market Annual Report for 2017 published last March 2018: https://www.artprice.com/artprice-reports/the-art-market-in-2017
Artprice is associated with Artron Group the Chinese leader in the Art Market, its solid institutional partner.
About the Artron Group:
“Artron Art Group (Artron), a comprehensive cultural industrial group founded in 1993 by Wan jie, is committed to inheriting, enhancing and spreading art value. Based on abundant art data, Artron provides art industry and art fans with professional service and experience of quality products by integrated application of IT, advanced digital science and innovative crafts and materials. Having produced more than 60,000 books and auction catalogues, Artron is the world’s largest art book printer with a total print volume of 300 million a year. It has more than 3 million professional members in the arts sector and an average of 15 million daily visits, making it the world’s leading art website. Founded in 1993by Wan Jie, the Artron Art Group is celebrating its 25th anniversary this year. It is the first choice for art professionals, investors, collectors and art fans in general wishing to discover and/or participate in the art world or the art market. Founded in 1993, Artron Art Group is celebrating its 25th anniversary this year.”
Artron’s Web: www.Artron.net
Artprice’s Contemporary Art Market Annual Report for 2017 – free access at: https://www.artprice.com/artprice-reports/the-contemporary-art-market-report-2017
Artprice’s press releases:
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Discover the Alchemy and the universe of Artprice http://web.artprice.com/video, which headquarters are the famous Museum of Contemporary Art, the Abode of Chaos:
The Contemporary Art Museum The Abode of Chaos
https://www.facebook.com/la.demeure.du.chaos.theabodeofchaos999 3.4 million subscribers
Contact: ir@artprice.com
Beijing (Pékin) – Marché de l’Art : Artprice lance en Chine le 1er Janvier 2019 ses abonnements via le site Artron.net
Beijing (Pékin) – Marché de l’Art : Artprice lance en Chine le 1er Janvier 2019 ses abonnements via le site Artron.net
Beijing (Pékin) – Artprice, suite à différentes dates invoquées par des tiers, se doit de préciser ce 18 décembre que le démarrage officiel de la commercialisation des abonnements Artprice en Chine est fixé le 1er Janvier 2019 (jour non férié en Chine) avec son fidèle partenaire institutionnel Artron depuis 9 ans.
Artprice sera notamment sur la home page principale d’Artron.net sur l’emplacement premium à côté du logo Artron, voir image twitter
(source Artron) : https://twitter.com/artpricedotcom/status/1074943649929138176
Artron.net est le premier site Web d’art mondial avec 5,4 milliards de visites/an.
Artprice qui possède son propre compte chinois WeChat constate selon les chiffres WeChat que le montant de l’achat immédiat débité sur le compte de l’utilisateur WeChat (QR Code) est crédité en temps réel sur les comptes bancaires d’Artprice. C’est une pratique usuelle quotidienne pour les 988 millions d’utilisateurs WeChat en Chine.
Pour répondre à 100 % aux besoins de paiements des internautes chinois, Artprice propose également la plateforme Alipay qu’elle a développée, lui permettant ainsi de toucher 1,2 milliard d’utilisateurs dans le monde avec 300 millions de transactions quotidiennes qui sont comptabilisées. (Source Alipay – Alibaba Group)
Alipay est aussi une solution de paiement réelle fonctionnant sur un système de QR Code. Le vendeur propose son QRcode personnel, l’acheteur scanne ce QRcode avec son mobile et accepte la transaction. Le paiement est effectué instantanément et la facture arrive par email ou sms.
A ce titre, Artprice au regard du contrat historique et des 10 accords de principe projette raisonnablement dès 2019 la multiplication de son chiffre d’affaires en fonction des chiffres clés du groupe Artron de décembre 2018, 3 millions de membres professionnels, 5,4 milliards de visites / an, premier site Web d’art mondial, premier imprimeur de livres d’Art au monde.
Dès fin janvier 2019, Artprice communiquera le trend (la projection) de son chiffre d’affaires pour 2019.
En 9 ans, Artprice a traduit intégralement en mandarin plusieurs centaines de millions de data issues de ses banques de données. L’ergonomie informatique développée par Artprice spécifique à la Chine et aux smartphones est faite pour l’Internet mobile (88% des internautes chinois) qui est très répandu avec 1,1 milliard d’utilisateurs 4G en juin 2018 (Source INA).
thierry Ehrmann PDG Fondateur d’Artprice : « Comme précédemment annoncé, plusieurs vidéos produites par Artron restituent au-delà des alliances capitalistiques et économiques la fusion culturelle des deux groupes. Cette courte vidéo restitue fidèlement le témoignage d’Artron sur Artprice. »
Si l’État-major d’Artprice et son Président thierry Ehrmann se sont déplacés pendant plusieurs jours à Pékin, au siège social d’Artron, c’est pour accélérer et concrétiser au plus vite, pour ses actionnaires, les accords mis en place dont découleront obligatoirement les perspectives économiques très positives, principalement en termes de chiffre d’affaires et d’extension du fichier clients dès le 1 janvier 2019.
Il faut tout d’abord souligner l’accueil respectueux, chaleureux et fidèle d’Artron, en particulier de son Président Wan Jie, qui a présenté à Artprice les responsables institutionnels chinois au plus haut niveau, les principaux acteurs du Marché de l’Art chinois et l’ensemble des 3500 collaborateurs d’Artron.
Toutes ces mises en relation physique permettent à Artprice de décrypter au plus vite et de manière optimale ce nouveau territoire pour faire exploser cette croissance, que représente la Chine pour Artprice. En 2018, la Chine comptait pour 45 % des échanges en ligne mondiaux, réalisant 12 fois plus de transactions en ligne que les USA. La Chine a l’immense avantage sur l’Occident de construire son économie de marché directement sur la base d’Internet (Source GEAB/LEAP 2020).
De même, M. Wan Jie, Président d’Artron, incontestablement l’acteur le plus puissant du Marché de l’Art en Chine par l’empire qu’il a fondé, a réitéré, devant ses Vice-Présidents et l’ensemble de ses cadres supérieurs, son amitié indéfectible et sa fidélité dans les relations qu’il entretient personnellement avec thierry Ehrmann, Président d’Artprice.
Ce fait mérite d’être souligné car ce protocole est extrêmement rare dans la coutume chinoise.
C’est un nouveau marché fascinant et incontournable pour Artprice puisque la Chine s’est installée en Leader du Marché de l’Art mondial cette décennie.
L’internet mobile est aussi très bien développé, avec 1,1 milliards d’utilisateurs 4G en juin 2018. Grâce au plan gouvernemental Made in China, la Chine est en train de se hisser au premier rang au niveau de la technologie 5G. (Source INA).
En 2017, l’économie numérique chinoise comptait pour près de 33 % du PIB national Dans ce contexte, la place accordée aux entreprises en tant que catalyseurs de l’innovation est essentielle : les acteurs économiques et industriels sont associés intimement à l’État dans la transformation de la Chine en une société de l’information. Ainsi, en 2017, l’économie numérique chinoise comptait pour près de 33 % du PIB national. (source INA)
copyright ©2018 thierry Ehrmann
Au sujet d’Artron :
« Artron Art Group (Artron), un vaste groupe de l’industrie culturelle, s’est engagé à hériter, à améliorer et à diffuser la valeur de l’art. Sur les bases de données artistiques abondantes, Artron fournit aux professionnels de l’industrie de l’art et aux amateurs d’art un service professionnel et une expérience de produits de qualité grâce à des applications informatiques intégrées, une science numérique avancée et des matériaux et métiers innovants. Artron est le plus grand imprimeur de livres d’art au monde, avec plus de 60 000 livres et catalogues de vente aux enchères et un volume de publication total de 300 millions par an. Artron.net est la marque la plus respectée du monde de l’art chinois. Artron.net compte plus de 3 millions de membres professionnels dans le secteur des arts et 15 millions de visites quotidiennes en moyenne, ce qui en fait le premier site Web d’art mondial. C’est le premier choix des professionnels de l’art, des investisseurs et des adeptes d’entrer dans le monde de l’art. Artron fête ses 25 ans. Fondé en 1993, Artron Art Group fête cette année ses 25 ans. »
Toujours selon le Groupe Artron, « Après 9 ans de coopération, Artron et Artprice ont amélioré leur coopération dans le domaine des marchés de l’art chinois et occidental. Les Fondateurs et les présidents des deux sociétés, m. Wan Jie et m. Thierry Ehrmann, avec leur enthousiasme pour l’art, créeront une « route de la soie » reliant les marchés de l’art chinois et occidental sur le principe du respect et de la coopération mutuels. Les deux parties vont construire une plate-Forme mondiale, diversifiée et professionnelle d’échange de marchés de l’art, qui favorisera en fin de compte le développement durable du marché mondial de l’art. »
thierry Ehrmann Président et fondateur d’Artprice : « Au-delà d’un contrat et d’accords historiques développés précédemment sur 10 points, Artprice constate notamment au regard de la vidéo (3,6 millions de vues) https://www.facebook.com/228501370495445/posts/2201077099904519
que c’est bel et bien non seulement un choc majeur pour l’Histoire du Marché de l’Art mais aussi selon les historiens et institutionnels de l’Art un apport sans précédent dans l’Histoire de l’Art.
La logique des chiffres certifiés d’Artron mettent en lumière l’impact sans précédent attendu sur le périmètre économique d’Artprice dès l’exercice 2019.
A propos d’Artprice :
Artprice est cotée sur Eurolist by Euronext Paris, SRD long only et Euroclear : 7478 – Bloomberg : PRC – Reuters : ARTF.
Découvrir Artprice en vidéo : https://fr.artprice.com/video
Artprice fut fondée en 1997 par thierry Ehrmann qui est son PDG. Artprice est auto-contrôlée par le Groupe Serveur créé en 1987. Voir biographie certifiée de Who’s who © :
https://imgpublic.artprice.com/img/wp/sites/11/2018/10/bio-2019-whos-who-thierry-ehrmann.pdf
Artprice est le Leader mondial des banques de données sur la cotation et les indices de l’Art avec plus de 30 millions d’indices et résultats de ventes couvrant plus de 700 000 Artistes. Artprice Images® permet un accès illimité au plus grand fonds du Marché de l’Art au monde, bibliothèque constituée de 126 millions d’images ou gravures d’oeuvres d’Art de 1700 à nos jours commentées par ses historiens.
Artprice enrichit en permanence ses banques de données en provenance de 6300 Maisons de Ventes et publie en continu les tendances du Marché de l’Art pour les principales agences et 7200 titres de presse dans le monde. Artprice met à la disposition de ses 4,5 millions de membres (members log in), les annonces déposées par ses Membres, qui constituent désormais la première Place de Marché Normalisée® mondiale pour acheter et vendre des oeuvres d’Art à prix fixe ou aux enchères (enchères réglementées par les alinéas 2 et 3 de l’article L 321.3 du Code du Commerce).
Artprice, labellisée par le BPI pour la deuxième fois en novembre 2018, développe son projet de Blockchain sur le Marché de l’Art.
Bilan S1 2018 Mondial du Marché de l’Art, par Artprice en ligne sur :
https://fr.artprice.com/artprice-reports/bilan-du-marche-de-lart-s1-2018-par-artprice-com
Le Rapport Annuel Artprice du Marché de l’Art mondial 2017 publié en mars 2018 :
https://fr.artprice.com/artprice-reports/le-marche-de-lart-en-2017
Le Rapport du Marché de l’Art Contemporain 2018 d’Artprice :
https://fr.artprice.com/artprice-reports/le-marche-de-lart-contemporain-2018
Sommaire des communiqués d’Artprice :
http://serveur.serveur.com/press_release/pressreleasefr.htm
https://twitter.com/artpricedotcom
Suivre en temps réel toute l’actualité du Marché de l’Art avec Artprice sur Facebook, Google+ Twitter :
https://www.facebook.com/artpricedotcom 3,4 millions d’abonnés
https://twitter.com/artpricedotcom & https://twitter.com/artmarketdotcom
https://plus.google.com/+Artpricedotcom/posts
http://artmarketinsight.wordpress.com/
Découvrir l’alchimie et l’univers d’Artprice http://web.artprice.com/video dont le siège social est le célèbre Musée d’art contemporain Abode of Chaos dixit The New York Times / La Demeure du Chaos: https://issuu.com/demeureduchaos/docs/demeureduchaos-abodeofchaos-opus-ix-1999-2013
Musée d’Art Contemporain siège social d’Artprice :
https://www.facebook.com/la.demeure.du.chaos.theabodeofchaos999
(3,5 millions d’abonnés)
Contact ir@artprice.com
Artprice: imminent nomination of a Chief Executive in China
Artprice: imminent nomination of a Chief Executive in China
Considering the depth of Artprice’s strategic, capitalistic and economic involvement with Artron, thierry Ehrmann plans to propose to Artprice’s board of directors the nomination of a Chief Executive responsible for its Chinese and Greater Asia operations.
The selected candidate (not a member of the Ehrmann family) has all the confidence of thierry Ehrmann, who remains CEO and Chairman of the Group.
The objective of this strategy is to accelerate the numerous initiatives recently engendered by Artprice’s and Artron’s contractual and promissory agreements. This informed decision has been carefully deliberated and enjoys the unanimous support with the Group.
About Artron:
Artron Art Group (Artron) is a general cultural industry group rooted in the art field and aims to “serve the people with art” by “serving the people’s art”, inherit, enhance, spread and realize values of art, and inherit excellent art and culture and enhance their values in professional art markets; spread values of art and culture and convey the beauty of art to people’s daily lives in public art markets.
As China’s largest comprehensive art service platform, Artron.net delivers four solutions including Smart Archive, Smart Show, Smart Deal and Smart Reading. In addition, upon resources and professional studies of Artron’s art market monitor agency (AMMA) and almost 20 years’ of experience in the field of art, it has established long-term strategic cooperation with governmental bodies such as the Ministry of Culture, cultural institutions such as the Palace Museum, global art universities, internet companies such as Baidu and overseas research institutes.
Artron’s Web: www.artron.com.cn; www.artron.net.
Contact: 400-6690-999
About Artprice:
Founded by thierry Ehrmann (see Who’s who certified Biography ) (c) https://imgpublic.artprice.com/img/wp/sites/11/2018/10/bio-2019-whos-who-thierry-ehrmann.pdf ).
Artprice is listed on the Eurolist by Euronext Paris, SRD long only and Euroclear: 7478 – Bloomberg: PRC – Reuters: ARTF.
Dicover Artprice in video: https://www.artprice.com/video
Artprice is the global leader in art price and art index databanks. It has over 30 million indices and auction results covering more than 700,000 artists. Artprice Images(R) gives unlimited access to the largest Art Market resource in the world: a library of 126 million images or prints of artworks from the year 1700 to the present day, along with comments by Artprice’s art historians.
12 Oct. 2018: Artprice and Artron have just created an “Art Media Mogul”:
Video: https://vimeo.com/296010836
Artprice permanently enriches its databanks with information from 6,300 auctioneers and it publishes a constant flow of art market trends for the world’s principal news agencies and approximately 7,200 international press publications. For its 4,500,000 members, Artprice gives access to the world’s leading Standardised Marketplace for buying and selling art. Artprice is preparing its blockchain for the Art Market. It is BPI-labelled (scientific national French label)Artprice’s Global Art Market Annual Report for 2017 published last March 2018: https://www.artprice.com/artprice-reports/the-art-market-in-2017
Artprice’s Contemporary Art Market Annual Report for 2017 – free access at: https://www.artprice.com/artprice-reports/the-contemporary-art-market-report-2017
Artprice’s press releases:
http://serveur.serveur.com/Press_Release/pressreleaseen.htm
https://twitter.com/artpricedotcom
Artmarket News:
https://twitter.com/artpricedotcom & https://twitter.com/artmarketdotcom
https://www.facebook.com/artpricedotcom & https://plus.google.com/+artpricedotcom/posts
http://artmarketinsight.wordpress.com/
Discover the Alchemy and the universe of Artprice http://web.artprice.com/video, which headquarters are the famous Museum of Contemporary Art, the Abode of Chaos:
The Contemporary Art Museum The Abode of Chaos on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/la.demeure.du.chaos.theabodeofchaos999
Contact: ir@artprice.com
Artprice and Artron have just created an “Art Media Mogul”
Artprice and Artron have just created an “Art Media Mogul”
After seven years of collaboration, cultural exchange and regular trips between China and Europe, the two founders and presidents of Artron and Artprice, WAN Jie and thierry Ehrmann (who are exactly the same age and share the same commitments), share the same vision of the Global Art Market and the same passion for Art within the context of a loyal and mutually respectful friendship.
This long and infallible relationship has allowed both groups to work extremely quickly without cultural barriers to build an “Art Media Mogul”. By analogy, it’s exactly as if Baidu and Google were merging their respective knowledge.
Artron is the world’s largest printer of art books with more than 60,000 books and auction catalogues and a total publication volume of 300 million a year. Artron.net is the most respected brand in the Chinese art world. Artron is celebrating his 25th anniversary. Established in 1993, Artron Art Group celebrates its 25th anniversary this year.
Artprice is the world leader in Art Market Information since 1987 with 4,500,000 members
its databanks with information from 6,300 auctioneers and publishes a constant flow of art market trends for the world’s principal news agencies and approximately 7,200 international press publications. Artprice gives access to the world’s leading Standardised Marketplace for buying and selling art.
Last Friday, 12 October 2018, at Artprice’s head office in Lyon, France, Artron CEO and founder, WAN Jie, along with his staff, and Artprice CEO and founder, thierry Ehrmann, along with his staff, signed a historic agreement between the two groups.
Official video of the Friday 12 October 2018 signing ceremony and talks about the 10 new development agreements at Artprice’s head office in France:
Facebook (450k views)
https://www.facebook.com/228501370495445/posts/2201077099904519
Twitter
https://twitter.com/artpricedotcom/status/1053538253192749056
Chinese:
A series of development agreements in principle (10, soon to be delivered) was discussed and. They go far beyond the exclusive distribution contract allowing for Artprice subscriptions to be marketed through the Chinese Intranet to millions of Chinese art collectors – via Artron Group’s customers – in China.
The scope of the 10 new development agreements discussed on 12 October 2018 will have a structural impact on the Global Art Market and on Art History, according to Art historians, in a way that no-one could have imagined. At the same time, Artprice and Artron are on the verge of an extraordinary evolution during which, from a shareholder perspective, Artprice will change in dimension – economically, financially and historically – as of 2019.
Artron produces all the catalogues of Chinese auction houses and handles the postal or digital mailing of these catalogues to their final customers. It will be possible for Artprice subscriptions, sold exclusively by Artron in China, to directly reach the target audience.
Similarly, Artprice will be featured on the homepage of Artron.Net which, according to many studies, is the most respected brand in the Chinese art world. Artron.net has more than 3 million members and receives more than 9 million online visitors per day (on average) or 270 million visitors per month to their website.
Via Artron, there exists a massive potential demand for Artprice subscriptions, including its unique decision support tools, because these tools allow China’s collectors, art professionals and its museum industry to acquire Western artworks with total assurance that they have complete mastery of all the relevant pricing information, the artist’s background and their ‘economic profile’.
Thanks to Artron’s expert advice, Artprice fully complies with the specifications and conditions of China’s Great Electronic Firewall (Law CL97 (1997) et seq.) and its Golden Shield protocol (1998).
To do so, Artprice has deployed the obligatory Alipay and WeChat Chinese payment platforms (1.8 billion users) for Chinese buyers after developing no less than 54 million pages in Mandarin on its Internet accessible data banks (which took seven years…).
In order to conform to Law CL97, Artprice spent two years rewriting all its data bank code in order to eliminate all US and European corporate source code containing cookies, tags, metadata or backdoor elements (amongst other elements).
In fact, thanks to Artron’s assistance and advice, Artprice has managed to achieve what the GAFA’s have tried on numerous occasions but failed. It has managed to penetrate the core of the Chinese Intranet.
What was discussed on Friday 12 October 2018 far exceeds what was originally planned. It follows on from a summit meeting held in March 2018 in Beijing between Artprice’s and Artron/AMMA’s executive teams, and should broaden the two companies’ Marketplaces.
Artron is the world’s largest printer of art books with more than 60,000 books and auction catalogues and a total publication volume of 300 million.
To understand the power of Artron and its unavoidable position in China, follow the link to this video in English…
http://english.artron.com.cn/about/video/index
Read Artron’s official presentation: http://english.artron.com.cn/about/introduction/index
The exclusive contract for the distribution of Artprice subscriptions to Artron’s customers and the ten new additional agreements in principle can be implemented rapidly on the basis of the two companies’ mutual knowledge resulting from seven years of constant partnership, proving that long-term collaboration, patience and hard work are the keys to success.
In 2018, China accounted for 45% of global online art trade, conducting twelve times more online transactions than the United States. China has a huge advantage over the West because it is building its market economy directly on the Internet. Moreover, no-one doubts that China’s Art Market will account for 70% of the global Art Market as of 2020. Artprice, as the world leader in Art Market information, had to be central to its market. It should not be forgotten that France accounted for 4% of H1 2018 results.
For further information regarding the historical background of relations between Artprice and Artron/AMMA and its economic consequences, please refer to Artprice’s reference documents and, in particular, to its 2017 registration document filed with the AMF (France’s Financial Markets Supervisory Authority) on 1 June 2018 (in accordance with the Article 212-13 of the AMF’s General Regulations) and to Artprice’s Press Releases.
More details, video clips and photos of the signing and accompanying speeches will be online shortly on Artprice’s and Artron’s social networks.
About Artprice:
Artprice is listed on the Eurolist by Euronext Paris, SRD long only and Euroclear: 7478 – Bloomberg: PRC – Reuters: ARTF.
Dicover Artprice in video: https://www.artprice.com/video
Artprice is the global leader in art price and art index databanks. It has over 30 million indices and auction results covering more than 700,000 artists. Artprice Images(R) gives unlimited access to the largest Art Market resource in the world: a library of 126 million images or prints of artworks from the year 1700 to the present day, along with comments by Artprice’s art historians.
12 Oct. 2018: Artprice and Artron have just created an “Art Media Mogul” :
Video : https://vimeo.com/296010836
Artprice permanently enriches its databanks with information from 6,300 auctioneers and it publishes a constant flow of art market trends for the world’s principal news agencies and approximately 7,200 international press publications. For its 4,500,000 members, Artprice gives access to the world’s leading Standardised Marketplace for buying and selling art. Artprice is preparing its blockchain for the Art Market. It is BPI-labelled (scientific national French label)Artprice’s Global Art Market Annual Report for 2017 published last March 2018: https://www.artprice.com/artprice-reports/the-art-market-in-2017
Artprice’s Contemporary Art Market Annual Report for 2017 – free access at: https://www.artprice.com/artprice-reports/the-contemporary-art-market-report-2017
Artprice’s press releases:
http://serveur.serveur.com/Press_Release/pressreleaseen.htm
https://twitter.com/artpricedotcom
Artmarket News:
https://twitter.com/artpricedotcom & https://twitter.com/artmarketdotcom
https://www.facebook.com/artpricedotcom & https://plus.google.com/+artpricedotcom/posts
http://artmarketinsight.wordpress.com/
Discover the Alchemy and the universe of Artprice http://web.artprice.com/video, which headquarters are the famous Museum of Contemporary Art, the Abode of Chaos:
The Contemporary Art Museum The Abode of Chaos on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/la.demeure.du.chaos.theabodeofchaos999
Contact: ir@artprice.com
Artprice: H1 2018 Global Art Market Report – all indicators are positive.
First Half 2018: the Art Market posted a general recovery of +18%
1 Global auction turnover on Fine Art* rose 18%, totalling $8.45 billion
2 Transaction numbers remained stable with 262,000 lots sold, up 2.5% vs. H1 2017
3 The USA posted a massive 48% increase, with total turnover of $3.3 billion
4 China*, with $2 billion in turnover, reduced its unsold rate before a decisive H2
5 The UK, with auction turnover up 18% to $1.9 billion, is just behind China
6 The EU is contributing to growth: France +8%, Germany +17%, Italy +22%
7 Modern Art, the mainstay of the market’s high-end, accounted for 46% of total turnover
8 Modigliani and Picasso both scored results above $100 million threshold
9 Zao Wou-Ki was China’s best-performer in H1 2018 with total sales of $155 million
10 Contemporary Art’s global price index rose 27%, a serious competitor of the S&P 500
* Public sales of Fine Art (Painting, Sculpture, Drawing, Photography, Prints, Installations)
**In collaboration with Art Market Monitor of Artron (AMMA)
General conclusion…
Worldwide, the Art Market grew by +18% in H1 2018, pursuing the growth we saw in H1 2017 (+9%) and confirmed in H2 2017 (+32%).
Global figures
At a global level, more than 262,000 Fine Art lots were auctioned in the first six months of 2018, generating a total product of $8.45 billion (including fees). Artprice, the world leader in Art Market information since 1987, has systematically analysed and digested the results of more than 3,532 auction sales around the world. This half-year report covers public sales of Fine Art (painting, sculpture, drawing, photography, prints and installations).
Read Artprice.com’s H1 2018 Global Art Market Report online at: https://www.artprice.com/artprice-reports/global-art-market-in-h1-2018-by-artprice-com
According to thierry Ehrmann, Artprice founder and CEO, “Since the turn of the century, the Art Market has demonstrated an exceptionally high degree of maturity, resisting the NASDAQ crisis, the consequences of nine-eleven, of the second Iraq war and of course the unprecedented financial and economic crises that started in 2007. Since then, it has been operating against a backdrop of negative interest rates that undermine the value of savings and, more recently, in a global context of heightening geopolitical tensions. During these past 18 years, the Art Market has managed to adapt to reality, not only avoiding its own collapse in the face of financial crises, but actually creating a genuine investment safe-haven without forming a speculative bubble.”
The attractive returns on art over the last few years have outperformed many other investments and the Art Market has become an independent, liquid and efficient market on all continents.
Top 10 Countries by Auction Turnover H1 2018
Country – Turnover – (Market Share)
1 United States – $3,341,746,766 – (39.6%)
2 China – $1,997,226,110 – (23.6%)
3 United Kingdom – $1,873,284,804 – (22.2%)
4 France – $372,461,596 – (4.4%)
5 Germany – $122,765,010 – (1.5%)
6 Italy – $118,907,954 – (1.4%)
7 Switzerland – $76,847,823 – (1.3%)
8 Japan – $66,901,157 – (0.9%)
9 Austria – $53,562,620 – (0.8%)
10 India – $38,351,733 – (0.6%)
Other: – $383,793,555 – (5.0%)
The Top 500 artists by sales product indicates China has acquired, over he years, a significant position in the Art Market and now boasts 128 of the world’s 500 most-rated artists, far ahead of the United States (82) and Great Britain (27).
The data pertaining to the Chinese Art market is the fruit of Artprice’s 7-year collaboration with its Chinese institutional partner, Artron Group and AMMA (Art Market Monitor by Artron), directed by Wan Jie.
Despite a relatively unfavourable economic context, the global art market has shown signs of buoyancy, driven by a powerful combination of investment logic, speculative buying, passion collecting and insatiable demand for major signatures from new museums around the world.
These growth drivers rely heavily on easy access to reliable Art Market information such as provided by Artprice (pioneer and global leader in the field) and have been boosted by a whole series of underlying phenomena. These include a rapidly spreading awareness that every aspect of participation in the art market, including online sales, can be conducted via the Internet (98% of participants are connected to Internet); a financialisation of the art market’s high-end fostered by its stability and transparency; a rapid increase in the art-buying population from roughly 500,000 after 1945 to approximately 90 million in 2018; a significant reduction in the average age of market players and a major geographical expansion of the market to nearly all of Asia, the Pacific Rim, India, South Africa, the Middle-East and South America
Another massive Art Market driver is the new-era museum industry (700 new museums per year) that has become a significant economic reality in the 21st century. More museums opened between 2000 and 2014 than in the previous two centuries.
Hungry for museum quality works, this sector is one of the primary drivers of the Art Market’s spectacular growth. The Art Market is now both mature and liquid, offering yields of 10% to 15% per year on works valued over $100,000.
Considering these macro- and micro-economic data, the past 18 years have confirmed the Art Market’s potential as a safe haven against economic and financial turbulence, generating substantial and recurring yields.
With central banks effectively working in a negative interest rate environment, the Art Market looks very healthy by comparison having posted a 2,108% growth in the annual auction turnover of its Contemporary segment over the past 18 years. The global Art Market has also posted linear growth
In the average value of an artwork (Old, Modern and Contemporary) of +25% over the same period. If we look at the Contemporary segment alone, the progression is +88%.
These returns are not just reserved for “star” artists. We find a substantial average annual yield of +9% on works sold above the €20,000 threshold.
The Artprice100® shows a progression of +360% since 2000. About Artprice100® :
The Art Market is an efficient, historical and global market whose capacity to resist economic and geopolitical crises requires is now beyond doubt.
TOP 20 artists – H1 2018 © Artprice com
Artist — Turnover (USD) — Number of works sold — Best result (USD)
1 Pablo PICASSO (1881-1973) – $602,865,747 – 1,841 – $115,000,000
2 Claude MONET (1840-1926) – $267,055,149 – 22 – $84,687,500
3 Andy WARHOL (1928-1987) – $175,393,487 – 778 – $37,000,000
4 Jean-Michel BASQUIAT (1960-1988) – $162,756,656 – 64 – $45,315,000
5 Amedeo MODIGLIANI (1884-1920) – $160,869,523 – 22 – $157,159,000
6 ZAO Wou-Ki (1921-2013) – $154,558,288 – 268 – $23,305,301
7 Henri MATISSE ( 1869-1954) – $144,675,227 – 227 – $80,750,000
8 ZHANG Daqian (1899-1983) – $107,478,086 – 283 – $13,129,521
9 Kasimir MALEVICH (1878-1935) – $96,248,783 – 6 – $85,812,500
10 Joan MIRO (1893-1983) – $87,818,817 – 696 – $21,687,500
11 Gerhard RICHTER (1932-) – $80,720,365 – 177 – $16,563,000
12 David HOCKNEY (1937-) –$77,358,842 – 214 – $28,453,000
13 Alberto GIACOMETTI (1901-1966) – $73,528,071 $ – 74 – $16,647,567
14 Francis BACON (1909-1992) –$73,156,871 – 58 – $49,812,500
15 Constantin BRANCUSI (1876-1957) –$71,921,220 – 3 – $71,000,000
16 QI Baishi (1864-1957) – $64,402,510 – 169 – $8,753,015
17 Paul GAUGUIN (1848-1903) – $63,511,735 – 34 – $35,187,500
18 Fernand LÉGER (1881-1955) – $ 62,655,125 – 122 – $19,437,500
19 Richard DIEBENKORN (1922-1993) – $62,311,216 – 54 – $23,937,500
20 Yayoi KUSAMA (1929-) – $61,861,631 – 344 – $4,534,985
Top 10 auction results in H1 2018 © Artprice com
Artist – Work – Price (USD) – Date – Auctioneer
1 Amedeo MODIGLIANI (1884-1920) – Nu couché (sur le côté gauche) (1917) – $157,159,000 – 14/05/2018 – Sotheby’s New York
2 Pablo PICASSO (1881-1973) – Fillette à la corbeille fleurie (1905 ) – $115,000,000 – 08/05/2018 – Christie’s New York
3 Kasimir MALEVICH (1878-1935) – Suprematist Composition (1916) – $85,812,500 – 15/05/2018 – Christie’s New York
4 Claude MONET (1840-1926) – Nymphéas en fleur (c.1914-1917) – $84,687,500 – 08/05/2018 – Christie’s New York
5 Henri MATISSE (1869-1954) – Odalisque couchée aux magnolias (1923) – $80,750,000 – 08/05/2018 – Christie’s New York
6 Constantin BRANCUSI (1876-1957) – La jeune fille sophistiquée (1928) – $71,000,000 – 15/05/2018 – Christie’s New York
7 Pablo PICASSO (1881-1973) – Femme au béret et à la robe quadrillée (1937) – $68,702,214 – 28/02/2018 – Sotheby’s London
8 Pablo PICASSO (1881-1973) – La Dormeuse (1932) – $57,829,046 – 08/03/2018 – Phillips London
9 Francis BACON (1909-1992) – Study for Portrait (1977) – $49,812,500 – 17/05/2018 – Christie’s New York
10 Jean-Michel BASQUIAT (1960-1988) – Flexible (1984) – $45,315,000 – 17/05/2018 – Phillips New York
Copyright www.artprice.com thierry Ehrmann 1987/2018
About Artprice:
Artprice is listed on the Eurolist by Euronext Paris, SRD long only and Euroclear: 7478 – Bloomberg: PRC – Reuters: ARTF.
Dicover Artprice in video: https://www.artprice.com/video
Artprice is the global leader in art price and art index databanks. It has over 30 million indices and auction results covering more than 700,000 artists. Artprice Images(R) gives unlimited access to the largest Art Market resource in the world: a library of 126 million images or prints of artworks from the year 1700 to the present day, along with comments by Artprice’s art historians.
Artprice permanently enriches its databanks with information from 6,300 auctioneers and it publishes a constant flow of art market trends for the world’s principal news agencies and approximately 7,200 international press publications. For its 4,500,000 members, Artprice gives access to the world’s leading Standardised Marketplace for buying and selling art. Artprice is preparing its blockchain for the Art Market. It is BPI-labelled (scientific national French label)Artprice’s Global Art Market Annual Report for 2017 published last March 2018: https://www.artprice.com/artprice-reports/the-art-market-in-2017
Artprice’s Contemporary Art Market Annual Report for 2017 – free access at: https://www.artprice.com/artprice-reports/the-contemporary-art-market-report-2017
Artprice’s press releases:
http://serveur.serveur.com/Press_Release/pressreleaseen.htm
https://twitter.com/artpricedotcom
Artmarket News:
https://twitter.com/artpricedotcom & https://twitter.com/artmarketdotcom
https://www.facebook.com/artpricedotcom & https://plus.google.com/+Artpricedotcom/post
http://artmarketinsight.wordpress.com/
Discover the Alchemy and the universe of Artprice http://web.artprice.com/video, which headquarters are the famous Museum of Contemporary Art, the Abode of Chaos:
The Contemporary Art Museum The Abode of Chaos on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/la.demeure.du.chaos.theabodeofchaos999
Contact: ir@artprice.com
Artprice’s Annual Report on the Global Art Market in 2017: a genuine alternative to financial markets, with China in first place
Our 20th Global Art Market Annual Report is once again the fruit of an alliance between Artprice, world leader in Art Market information, founded and directed by thierry Ehrmann, and Artron, its powerful Chinese institutional partner, directed by Wan Jie. The result is the only truly global art market report providing reliable insight into both the Western and the Eastern art market. By pooling their resources to analyse the global Art Market in unprecedented detail, our two structures highlight the intense competition driving the market’s global growth as well as its logic and its consequences. No other organisation or team is currently capable of such high quality processing and interpreting of macro- and micro-economic metadata in a Big Data environment.
The Report contains Artprice’s now-famous Top-500 ranking of artists by annual auction turnover, the market’s Top 100 auction results, our brand new Artprice100® index –a must for trading rooms–, a selection of Artprice market indices, and numerous detailed analyses per country, per market-hub, per creative period and per artistic medium. Its 18 chapters provide an uncompromising and unprecedented analysis of today’s global Art Market. The Report can be downloaded in pdf format free of charge at Artprice.com
https://www.artprice.com/artprice-reports/the-art-market-in-2017
Posting very strong growth in 2017, the Art Market has entered a new era
*Public sales of Fine Art –painting, sculpture, drawing, photography, prints and installation– from 1 January 2017 to 31 December 2017
General synopsis
Fine Art auction turnover reached $14.9 billion for the full-year 2017
Global turnover increased +20% versus the previous year
Measured growth in H1 (+9%) became strong growth in H2 (+32%)
Worldwide, 502,900 artworks were sold publicly in 2017 (+3%)
The overall unsold rate was 34% (vs. 36% in 2016)
Artprice’s global art price index ended the year stable versus 2016
The latest spectacular all-time Fine Art auction record at $450 million for Leonardo da Vinci’s Salvator Mundi represents the beginning of a new era for the Art Market in which the next big milestone will be the $1 billion threshold. In the meantime, we are bound to see results between $179 million and $450 million in 2018.
Soft Power
China remains the world’s top marketplace with $5.1 billion in turnover: 34.2% of global total
The United States ranks second with $4.9 billion
The world’s top 5 marketplaces all posted turnover growth:
China +7%, USA +42%, UK +18%, France +35%, Germany +12%
France (in 4th place) accounted for 5.3% of global turnover with $784 million, ahead of Germany’s $256 million, but still a long way behind the three leading marketplaces. France’s turnover was up +35%, but this growth was essentially generated by the Anglo-Saxon auction firms, Christie’s and Sotheby’s, which posted +58% and +35% growth respectively in Paris.
Christie’s and Sotheby’s domination of Fine Art auctions in France is getting stronger each year: the two houses now account for over half of the country’s Fine Art auction turnover (54% in 2017) compared with 47% in 2016.
Christie’s and Sotheby’s together generate more Fine Art auction turnover in France than the other 214 French auction operators.
Christie’s is the world’s leading auction house with a total of $4.4 billion ahead of Sotheby’s with 3.4 billion
In China, Poly Auction ($1 billion) beat China Guardian ($815 million)
Phillips took 5th place in 2017 with a turnover total of $471 million
In Europe, the two non-Anglo-Saxon leaders are the Austrian firm Dorotheum ($78 million) and the French firm Artcurial ($76 million).
Trends
Artprice’s 2017 global Top 500 index contains 231 European artists, 162 Asians and 82 North Americans
The Top 10 includes 4 Chinese artists, 3 Europeans and 3 Americans
2017 saw new auction records for many high-profile figures in Art History including Leonardo da Vinci, Jean-Michel Basquiat, Qi Baishi, Zao Wou-Ki, Marc Chagall, Fernand Léger and Constantin Brancusi
Financial performances
Repeat sales** generate an average annual return of between 5.5% and + 8.3%
In the longer run, works purchased from $200,000 to $1 million generate the best annual return: 8.3%
** The same work purchased and resold at auction during 2017
Artprice100© “The Wolves of Wall Street at the gates of the Art Market”
The Artprice100® shows a progression of +360% since 2000
+360% since 2000 represents an average annual return of 8.9%
Revised annually, the new index replaced 4 artists in 2017
The new index contained 1 Chinese artist (Zhang Daqian) in 2000, versus 18 in 2017
France
Towards new regulations for France’s auction operators…
Many public documents show that French Art Market players, among others the Syndicat des Maisons de Ventes (SYMEV) have taken a stand: against a backdrop of art market globalisation spearheaded by the widespread adoption of internet auction sales, France’s share of the global Fine Art auction market – a share that was over 60% in the 1970s – fell back to a dangerously low level of less than 4% in 2016! Aware of this worrying reality, the sector’s professionals via the Syndicat des Maisons de Ventes (SYMEV), have been sounding the alarm over the past year… and, it would seem, they have been heard.
This news was clearly expressed at the annual meeting of auctioneers that took place at the end of 2017. The French authorities are working towards a complete overhaul of the much-contested and obsolete regulatory framework that governs public auction sales in France. The Conseil des Ventes Volontaires (CVV) –France’s auction market oversight authority– will apparently become an agency of self-regulation, closer to the realities of the market and more in tune with the digital and global issues that have transformed the sector.
At the end of November, in front of the assembled heads of France’s auction sector, Sylvain Maillard, the elected representative for the Paris constituency that is home to the the famous Hôtel Drouot, and former campaign spokesman for Emmanuel Macron, clearly expressed the government’s willingness to act: “all the points you have raised have been taken very seriously by the public authorities (…) and all the possible solutions to these problems are currently being examined and explored.”
On March 7 next, the French Senate will be chairing a session entitled The attractiveness and legal competitiveness of the French art market, under the twin council of the Senate’s Law Commission and its Culture Commission. There can be no doubt that this initiative is part of a new reform dynamic that will lead to the adoption of a new legal framework as of 2018.
The removal of a major administrative impediment that is unique in Europe would indeed allow the French art market to begin the lengthy process of recovering the position it held for over a century in the global art market. End of quote.
These developments represent a major recognition for Artprice, and should lead to the resolution and satisfaction of all of Artprice’s claims & demands during a long and arduous battle.
The new awareness of the sound logic of investing in art, along with other motives such as speculative buying and collecting art as a passion have coincided with an intense level of demand for big-name masterpieces from the world’s new museums. Despite a generally lacklustre global economy, these market forces have boosted demand for artworks worldwide with the global auction turnover up +20% in 2017, generating a very impressive total of $14.9 billion.
The drivers of this growth are ease of access to Art Market information, electronic sales (98% of the market’s participants are connected to the Internet), the financialization of the market, a growing population of ever-younger art consumers (from 500,000 in the 1950’s to 90 million in 2017) and the extension of the market to the entire Asia/Pacific area plus India, South Africa, the Middle East and South America.
The growth of the museum industry is also playing a crucial role. With more than 700 new museums opening every year, the museum industry has become a global economic reality in the 21st Century. More museums opened between 2000 and 2014 than in the previous two centuries, and demand for museum-quality works is one of the key factors in the spectacular growth of the Art Market. The Art Market is now a mature and liquid market offering returns of 8% per year on works purchased over $200,000.
In 2017, the intense competition between China and the USA generated explosive growth in the West, but confirmed China’s role as the leading global marketplace for art despite US growth of +42% and the historic new absolute record of $450 million hammered for Leonardo da Vinci’s Salvator Mundi at Christie’s in New York. China’s domination is established with just $0.2 billion over the US. Art clearly represents an essential element in the Soft Power arsenals of the United States and China, and, on a smaller scale, of Qatar and the UAE.
China’s supremacy is also once again visible in our ranking of the world’s top 500 artists by annual auction turnover. Chinese artists represent 32.4% of the total number compared to just 16.4% for American artists. The rest are Europeans (46.2%) and other nationalities (5%) essentially Latin Americans and South-West Asians.
Considering the macro and micro-economic data, the last 18 years have confirmed the Art Market as a refuge against economic and financial turbulence, generating substantial and recurring returns.
In a context where central banks are effectively implementing negative interest rates, the Art Market has enjoyed insolent health with our new Artprice100® index showing a progression of +360% since 2000. This new index covers the Top 100 artists in all three major segments: Old Masters, Modern and Contemporary, from all over the world. However, this level of return is not restricted to works by star artists. Our analyses show that the average annual yield on artworks purchased above the $20,000 line is around 5.5%.
The Internet (Microsoft estimates over 5 billion people connected worldwide) has now become the principal and definitive forum for auction operators worldwide who are using it to consolidate their market shares on all continents. Of the world’s 6,300 auction houses, 98% are today present on the Internet (versus just 3% in 2005).
The Art Market is an efficient, historical and global market whose ability to withstand economic and geopolitical crises is now beyond any doubt. Over the last 18 years it has outperformed most of the world’s principal financial markets by a considerable margin.
Copyright 1987-2018 thierry Ehrmann
About Artprice:
Artprice is listed on the Eurolist by Euronext Paris, SRD long only and Euroclear: 7478 – Bloomberg: PRC – Reuters: ARTF.
Artprice celebrates its 20th birthday, editorial by thierry Ehrmann, founder and CEO of Artprice. https://www.actusnews.com/fr/ARTPRICE/cp/2017/10/04/artprice-celebrates-its-20th-birthday-editorial-by-thierry-ehrmann-founder-and-ceo-of-artprice
Dicover Artprice in video: https://www.artprice.com/video
Artprice is the global leader in art price and art index databanks. It has over 30 million indices and auction results covering more than 700,000 artists. Artprice Images(R) gives unlimited access to the largest Art Market resource in the world: a library of 126 million images or prints of artworks from the year 1700 to the present day, along with comments by Artprice’s art historians.
Artprice permanently enriches its databanks with information from 6,300 auctioneers and it publishes a constant flow of art market trends for the world’s principal news agencies and approximately 7,200 international press publications. For its 4,500,000 members, Artprice gives access to the world’s leading Standardised Marketplace for buying and selling art. Artprice is preparing its blockchain for the Art Market. It is BPI-labelled (scientific national French label).
Artprice’s Global Art Market Annual Report for 2017 published in March 2018: https://www.artprice.com/artprice-reports/the-art-market-in-2017
Artprice’s Contemporary Art Market Annual Report for 2017 – free access at https://www.artprice.com/artprice-reports/the-contemporary-art-market-report-2017
Artprice’s press releases: http://serveur.serveur.com/Press_Release/pressreleaseen.htm and https://twitter.com/artpricedotcom
Artmarket News:
https://twitter.com/artpricedotcom & https://twitter.com/artmarketdotcom
https://www.facebook.com/artpricedotcom & https://plus.google.com/+Artpricedotcom/post
http://artmarketinsight.wordpress.com/
Discover the Alchemy and the universe of Artprice http://web.artprice.com/video, which headquarters are the famous Museum of Contemporary Art, the Abode of Chaos
The Contemporary Art Museum The Abode of Chaos on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/la.demeure.du.chaos.theabodeofchaos999
The Abode of Chaos/Demeure du Chaos Contemporary Art Museum by thierry Ehrmann,author, sculptor, artist, photograph https://www.flickr.com/photos/home_of_chaos/sets/72157
Contact ir@artprice.com
Kunstmarkt : exklusivinterview mit Thierry Ehrmann, Gründer und CEO von Artprice (7. März 2012)
Boursica:
Am 5. Juni und 9. Oktober haben wir mit Ihnen ausführlich gesprochen. Jetzt sind wir Anfang März 2012 und die Auktionen haben vor eineinhalb Monaten begonnen. Welche Erfahrungen haben Sie gesammelt?
Thierry Ehrmann:
Um dieses Gespräch gut zu verstehen, sollten Ihre Leser zuerst die beiden Interviews vom 5. Juni 2011 und vom 9. Oktober 2011 lesen, auf denen ich aufbaue. Nachdem wir also 16 Jahre lang gegen eines der ältesten Monopole der Welt gekämpft hatten, konnten wir am 18. Januar 2012 endlich mit den Auktionen beginnen. In Frankreich waren Kunstauktionen nämlich nach einem Edikt aus dem Jahr 1556 genehmigungspflichtig. Es ist uns jedoch schließlich gelungen, den freien Wettbewerb auf der Grundlage des Gesetzes vom 20. Juli 2011 durchzusetzen.
Boursica:
Sie sind also ein Auktionshaus geworden?
Thierry Ehrmann:
Nein, genau genommen sind wir über unseren standardisierten Auktionsmarktplatz® Online-Auktionsmakler gemäß § 5 des Gesetzes 2011-850 vom 20. Juli 2011 geworden.
Boursica:
Könnten Sie das etwas genauer erklären?
Thierry Ehrmann:
Artprice hält zahlreiche Patente im Rahmen des geistigen Eigentums (Schutzrechte, Software, Urheberrecht etc.) und kann so weltweit einzigartige Verfahren zur Standardisierung des Kunstmarkts einsetzen, mit denen wir über unseren standardisierten Marktplatz Angebot und Nachfrage in Echtzeit zu Festpreisen oder im Rahmen von Versteigerungen zusammenbringen. Wir haften nicht für die Auktion, da wir nicht an die Parteien (Käufer und Verkäufer) gebunden sind. Der Verkäufer wählt auf Grundlage seiner eigenen Kriterien das für ihn günstigste Angebot aus und zahlt uns 5 bis 9 Prozent Provision für die Nutzung unseres standardisierten Marktplatzes und unserer Kundendatei. Diese Datei ist derzeit die umfangreichste der Welt. Sie zählt 1,4 Millionen Mitglieder, von denen wir genau wissen, was sie suchen oder anbieten.
Boursica:
Sprechen wir über die letzten eineinhalb Monate. Was haben Sie in diesen sieben Wochen festgestellt?
Thierry Ehrmann:
Zuerst haben wir eine einzigartige Herausforderung angenommen. Am 18. Januar 2012 standen mehr als 5.000 Posten im Wert von über 810 Millionen Euro zum Verkauf. Die Preise reichten von einigen Hundert Euro bis hin in den zweistelligen Millionenbereich.
Um die ersten 45 Auktionstage besser zu beschreiben, muss ich zuerst erklären, wie die Transaktionen sich auf Artprice entwickelt haben. Der standardisierte Festpreis-Marktplatz ging am 18. Januar 2005 online. Er fand sofort großen Anklang. 2005 wurden Kunstwerke im Wert von 1,2 Milliarden Euro angeboten, 2006 waren es bereits mehr als 2,7 Milliarden Euro, 2007 3,6 Milliarden Euro, 2008 4,5 Milliarden Euro und 2009 5,4 Milliarden Euro. 2010/2011 stabilisierte das Angebot sich bei rund 6,3 Milliarden Euro. Etwa 30 Prozent der Angebote führten zu Abschlüssen, für die wir keine Provisionen erhielten. Die genauen Zahlen stehen im Referenzdokument, das auf ActusNews abgerufen werden kann, einer von der französischen Finanzmarktaufsicht AFM zugelassenen Website. 2012, als die Auktionen eingeführt wurden, reagierten die Kunstmarktteilnehmer sehr positiv. Die Versteigerungen fanden sofort großen Anklang. Der harte Kern rund um Drouot, das heißt die alte, unbelehrbare Garde, war jedoch äußerst negativ eingestellt und versuchte sich sogar mit Drohungen, was bis dahin in Europa undenkbar gewesen war.
Boursica:
Sprechen wir zuerst über die positive Reaktion und den Erfolg.
Thierry Ehrmann:
Eine Generation von Galeristen, Auktionshäusern, Kunsthändlern, Künstlern, Sammlern und Kunstliebhabern hat sehr schnell verstanden, dass nichts mehr so wie früher sein wird. Durch die zeitliche Begrenzung der Auktionen ist die Zahl der Transaktionen im Vergleich zum Festpreismarkt, wo die Zeit keine so wichtige Rolle spielt, in die Höhe geschnellt. In den folgenden Tagen konnten wir den Traffic gemessen an Bandbreite und Anmeldungen verfünffachen. Wir erhielten äußerst vielfältige Berichte und Beiträge. Artprice bietet mit ihrer Kundendatei, der umfangreichsten der Welt (1,4 Millionen Mitglieder), und Milliarden von Verhaltenslogs, die gemäß den europäischen und französischen Richtlinien gespeichert sind, einer ganzen Generation von Marktteilnehmern zwischen 25 und 50 Jahren die Möglichkeit, von zu Hause oder dem Büro aus in wenigen Sekunden mehrere Zehntausend potenzielle Käufer in Bezug auf bestimmte Künstler aus der ganzen Welt anzusprechen, auch noch kaum bekannte, und deren Werke anzubieten. Wir hatten einzigartige Diskussionen mit diesen Teilnehmern, die den Mut haben, ihre eigenen Vertriebsverfahren in Frage zu stellen.
Boursica:
Worum ging es in diesen Diskussionen?
Thierry Ehrmann:
Diese Akteure des Kunstmarkts stellen ihre gesamte Tätigkeit in Frage. Sie entdecken plötzlich, dass sie tatsächlich mehr Käufer ansprechen können als die größten Auktionshäuser und die berühmtesten Galeristen der Welt. Sie sind auf ihre eigenen Kundendateien beschränkt und müssen an kostspieligen internationalen Kunstmessen teilnehmen, um auf anderen Erdteilen Fuß zu fassen, während ihnen Artprice und der standardisierte Auktionsmarktplatz einen wirtschaftlichen Paradigmenwechsel ermöglicht, mit dem sie über das Internet alle fünf Kontinente erobern können.
Boursica:
Was verstehen Sie unter einem wirtschaftlichen Paradigmenwechsel?
Thierry Ehrmann:
Sie verstehen, dass ihr betriebswirtschaftliches Modell, d.h. hohe Margen und wenige Verkäufe, da sie keine große Kundendatei haben, nicht mehr tragbar ist. Einige erwägen, einen Teil ihrer Galerie oder eine Zweigstelle zu schließen, andere wiederum denken daran, die physischen Verkaufsräume aufzugeben. Sie entdecken, dass der weltweite Kunstmarkt, der in den Nachkriegsjahren 500.000 Sammler zählte und heute 450 Millionen „Kunstkonsumenten“ umfasst, ihnen endlich offen steht und sie in wenigen Minuten von zu Hause oder ihrem Büro aus auf ihn zugreifen können. So können sie ihre viel zu hohen Margen kürzen und ihren Umsatz in einem solchen Maß steigern, wie sie es sich wegen der mangelnden Ressourcen und fehlenden Internetkenntnisse nie erhofft hätten. In eineinhalb Monaten haben wir viele Hemmnisse und Schwierigkeiten abgebaut. Wenn wir die 14 Tage der Auktion, die Lieferung-Zahlung an einen vertrauenswürdigen Dritten (rund 14 Tage bei internationalen Überweisungen) und den Abschluss zwischen Käufer und Verkäufer, der für die endgültige Freigabe zuständig ist, berücksichtigen, dann gehen bei uns jetzt erst die Provisionen aus den ersten Auktionen 2012 ein. Wir werden sicher bald angenehme Überraschungen erleben, da seit der Eröffnung der Auktionen am 18. Januar 2012 immer mehr Versteigerungen auf dem standardisierten Marktplatz abgehalten werden.
Boursica:
Haben Sie Ihr Postulat mit dem der angelsächsischen Auktionshäuser verglichen?
Thierry Ehrmann:
Sie müssen unbedingt den ganzseitigen Artikel von Martine Robert in der französischen Tageszeitung Les Echos vom 3. März 2012 lesen, wo dem Jahresbericht von Artprice über den Kunstmarkt ein Gespräch mit dem Präsidenten von Christie’s gegenübergestellt wird, der abschließend bemerkt: „Die Zukunft des Middle Market zwischen 800 und 10.000 Euro liegt im Internet.“ Wer könnte es besser wissen als Christie’s?
Als Präsident von Artprice möchte ich unterstreichen, dass 81 Prozent der Transaktionen weltweit auf dieses Marktsegment entfallen. Sogar eine altehrwürdige Institution des Kunstmarkts ist demnach der Ansicht, dass 81 Prozent über das Internet laufen werden, d.h. über unseren standardisierten Marktplatz, da wir die unbestrittenen Marktführer auf diesem Gebiet sind.
Boursica:
Sie haben Hemmnisse und Schwierigkeiten erwähnt. Könnten Sie näher darauf eingehen?
Thierry Ehrmann:
Ein großes Problem war die vertrauenswürdige dritte Partei. Wir haben uns an den weltweit führenden Treuhänder „escrow.com“ gewandt.
Die Vorgangsweise des Unternehmens ist perfekt, leider akzeptiert es aber nur Zahlungen in US-Dollar, was vor allem für europäische Kunden ein beachtliches Hindernis darstellt. Wir haben also im Rahmen einer Ausschreibung nach einem zweiten vertrauenswürdigen Dritten gesucht und ihn auch in einer Rekordzeit gefunden. Transpact mit Sitz in England verwaltet seit Mitte Februar Zahlungen in US-Dollar, Euro und Britischen Pfund. Schließlich mussten wir noch die Verständigungsprobleme lösen.
Artprice ist in sechs Sprachen übersetzt, aber die Texte auf den Websites der Treuhänder sind ausschließlich auf Englisch verfasst. Da die auf dem Spiel stehenden Beträge sehr hoch sind, wollen unsere Kunden natürlich jede einzelne Etappe genau verstehen, sowohl die rechtlichen Aspekte als auch die praktischen Seiten. Sie wollen wissen, wie die Treuhandverwaltung und die Freigabe funktionieren.
Boursica:
Warum haben Sie nicht ganz einfach für jede Sprache einen vertrauenswürdigen Dritten gewählt?
Thierry Ehrmann:
Ich muss gestehen, dass zum Beispiel in Frankreich keine Bank und kein Finanzinstitut unseren Ansprüchen genügen konnte, obwohl die treuhänderisch verwalteten Beträge mit der Zeit steil steigen werden und das Konzept des vertrauenswürdigen Dritten in der digitalen Wirtschaft auch andere Branchen betrifft als Artprice und den Kunstmarkt. Das erklärt wohl auch den mangelnden Erfolg der Franzosen in der globalen digitalen Wirtschaft.
Boursica:
Gibt es eine Lösung? Warum machen Sie es nicht selbst?
Thierry Ehrmann:
Im Sinne des französischen Gesetzes vom 20. Juli 2011 über Online-Auktionen, vor allem § 5, der als § 321-3 im Handelsgesetzbuch (Absatz 2 und 3) übernommen wurde, muss der vertrauenswürdige Dritte, der den Betrag treuhänderisch verwaltet und die Ware freigibt, von Artprice völlig unabhängig sein, sowohl auf rechtlicher als auch auf finanzieller Ebene. Ich versichere Ihnen, dass wir unseren beiden Partnern gezeigt haben, wie viel Kunden, und es handelt sich um eine beeindruckende Zahl, auf der Website der vertrauenswürdigen Dritten aufgegeben haben, weil ihres Erachtens die Überweisung von hohen Beträgen in einer Fremdsprache, die sie nicht genau verstehen, bedeutende Risiken birgt. Als wir unseren Partnern gezeigt haben, wie hoch der Prozentsatz der abgebrochenen Transaktionen ist, waren sie sofort davon überzeugt, dass sie ihre Website und API in die Sprachen von Artprice (Französisch, Englisch, Deutsch, Italienisch, Spanisch und Chinesisch) übersetzen müssen.
Dieses Problem wird also schon im zweiten Quartal gelöst sein. Außerdem werden wir einen dritten Partner als vertrauenswürdigen Dritten in der Region Asien-Pazifik suchen.
Boursica:
Ist der Aufbau des standardisierten Marktplatzes jetzt abgeschlossen?
Thierry Ehrmann:
Ja, alles Wesentliche ist jetzt da. Aber bei Artprice sind wir daran gewöhnt, umfassende, synthetische Lastenhefte zu erstellen, die wenig personalintensiv sind. Dabei lassen wir gezielt Platz für verschiedene Erweiterungen, die uns von unserem Customer Service auf der Basis der Kundenwünsche aus aller Welt vorgeschlagen werden. Ein enormes IT-Entwicklungsprogramm mit einem monströsen Lastenheft, das den internationalen Kunden aufgezwungen wird, wäre völlig falsch. Die Franzosen versuchen gern den anderen ein Produkt aufzudrängen, das ihrem eigenen Geschmack entspricht. Artprice tut genau das Gegenteil. Wir sind der Ansicht, dass die Kunden und der Markt am besten wissen, was sie wollen. Nur sehr wenige französische Unternehmen haben sich für diesen Ansatz entschieden, obwohl er so einfach ist.
Boursica:
In einer Pressemeldung meinten Sie, das laufende Angebot würde den Prognosen für 2013 entsprechen. Ist das immer noch der Fall?
Thierry Ehrmann:
Wir rechnen mit 300 neuen Posten pro Tag, d.h. mit durchschnittlich 90.000 Posten pro Jahr. Gegenwärtig verzeichnen wir rund 500 bis 700 neue Posten pro Tag in einer sehr breiten Preisspanne. In einem bedeutenden Auktionshaus umfasst ein schöner Auktionskatalog nie mehr als 300 bis 350 Posten und wird zwei bis drei Monate lang vorbereitet, während Artprice im Durchschnitt 12 Stunden braucht. Das regt zum Nachdenken an.
Boursica:
Warum verlegen Sie den standardisierten Festpreismarktplatz nicht direkt zu den Auktionen? So würde Artprice sofort einen hohen Umsatz verbuchen.
Thierry Ehrmann:
Wir haben uns diese Frage auch gestellt und sie bei Artprice ausführlich diskutiert. Als Autor des seit 2005 bestehenden standardisierten Festpreismarktplatzes, der ein wahres Ökosystem ist, habe ich mich in Anbetracht der hohen Handelsvolumen für eine allmähliche Umstellung entschlossen. Wir wollen unsere treuen Kunden zu nichts zwingen und werden deshalb behutsam vorgehen.
Boursica:
Sie scheinen von Ihrem Postulat überzeugt zu sein. Könnten Sie es uns näher erklären?
Thierry Ehrmann:
Das ist einfach. Ich gehe davon aus, dass die meisten Verkäufer die Online-Auktionen wählen werden, da im Gegensatz zu Immobilien oder Fahrzeugen der Unterschied zwischen dem Festpreis und dem bei einer Versteigerung auf Artprice erzielten Preis bis zu 100 Prozent betragen kann, auch wenn der Verkäufer ein Profi ist. Aufgrund dieses Postulats meine ich, dass wir seit sieben Jahren in der ganzen Welt eine sehr bedeutende Anzahl von Verkäufern und Käufern in von uns entwickelten eigenen Datenbanken und Software halten. Jährlich werden Werke im Wert von rund 6,3 Milliarden Euro angeboten und Abschlüsse in Höhe von ca. 1,8 Milliarden Euro getätigt. Meines Erachtens wäre es unglaublich dumm, diese Marktteilnehmer, die eine starke Persönlichkeit haben und sich selbst eine Meinung bilden können, zu etwas zu zwingen. Jeden Tag steigen unsere Mitglieder von selbst auf Auktionen um und bestätigen damit, dass ich Recht habe.
Boursica:
Aber Ihre Aktionäre streben sofortige Ergebnisse an?
Thierry Ehrmann:
Wir mussten uns gedulden, bis Frankreich die europäische Richtlinie endlich in Landesrecht umsetzt. Ich weigere mich, jetzt das Spiel einer weniger Aktionäre zu spielen, die gern eine tägliche Offenlegungspflicht hätten und unseren Börsenkurs mit Lottozahlen verwechseln. Ich habe nichts gegen Lotto und schon gar nichts gegen die französische Lotto-Gesellschaft, die übrigens ein ausgezeichnetes Unternehmen ist, aber Spieler, die jeden Tag Gewinn einstreichen wollen, passen nicht zu den Aktionären von Artprice.
Boursica:
Was halten Ihre Stammaktionäre davon?
Thierry Ehrmann:
Alle unsere Stamm- bzw. Großaktionäre haben mehr Geduld als wir. Den Kunsthistorikern und Kunstmarktsoziologen zufolge erleben wir einen Wandel, der so tiefgreifend ist wie die Umstellung vom Parketthandel auf elektronische Systeme wie NASDAQ oder Instinet von Thomson Reuters. In dieser Hinsicht muss man der Zeit ihren Lauf lassen, schließlich besitzen wir ja dank der Patente im Bereich des geistigen und industriellen Eigentums ein Monopol bezüglich der Standardisierung des Kunstmarktes – Künstler ID, Werk ID, Werkverzeichnis ID, Schätzung/Ökonometrie ID (vgl. frühere Interviews von Boursica) -, ohne unsere marktbeherrschende Stellung zu missbrauchen. Seit 16 Jahren haben wir keine ernstzunehmenden Konkurrenten, die über ähnliche Rechte an geistigem Eigentum verfügen. Sollte entgegen aller Erwartungen eines Tages eine Nummer 2 auftauchen, dann gilt das schreckliche Gesetz der Online-Welt, in der ich seit 25 Jahren lebe, und das heißt: „Second place is the first loser.“
Boursica:
Gibt es eine Verbindung zur außerordentlichen Hauptversammlung vom 30. März 2012, die ursprünglich nicht vorgesehen war?
Thierry Ehrmann:
Ja. Die außerordentliche Hauptversammlung bezeugt den erfolgreichen betriebswirtschaftlichen Wandel, der nun Gewissheit geworden ist. In 16 Jahren sind wir der weltweit führende Anbieter von Informationen über den Kunstmarkt geworden und zählen heute 1,4 Millionen Abonnenten. Anfang 2012 sind wir davon überzeugt, dass unser Kerngeschäft, das uns eine optimale Rentabilität gewährleistet, der standardisierten Festpreis- und Auktionsmarktplatz ist. Aus diesem Grund passen wir unseren Unternehmenszweck der neuen Ausrichtung von Artprice an.
Boursica:
Einige unserer Leser erwarten eine Kapitalerhöhung anlässlich der außerordentlichen Hauptversammlung. Stimmt das? Waren Sie nicht dagegen?
Thierry Ehrmann:
Es handelt sich nicht um eine Kapitalerhöhung sondern um Stockoptionen. Sie sollen seltene, atypische Profile anziehen, die wir für den standardisierten Auktionsmarktplatz brauchen. Wir suchen in der Kunstwelt die Besten, da müssen wir auch etwas bieten können. Außerdem ist es logisch, dass wir die Mitarbeiter von Artprice für ihr außergewöhnliches Engagement belohnen wollen.
Was Kapitalerhöhungen betrifft, so kann ich nur wiederholen, was ich bereits erklärt habe: Ich bin gegen Kapitalerhöhungen, weil sie nicht nur das Kapital verwässern, sondern auch, und das wird oft vergessen, den Aktienkurs daran hindern, sehr schnell zu steigen. Im Gegensatz zu den übrigen börsennotierten Unternehmen haben wir keine Schulden, nicht einen Cent. Keinen Kontokorrentkredit, keine kurz-, mittel- oder langfristigen Kredite, keine Bankzusicherungen, keine Finanzinstrumente wie Aktienbezugsscheine und sonstige Derivate. Außerdem haben wir reichlich Barmittel und einen negativen Betriebskapitalbedarf.
Boursica:
Vor einigen Tagen haben Sie Ihren Kunstmarktbericht veröffentlicht. Wie kommt es, dass die französischen und ausländischen Medien und Institutionen Artprice nur im Zusammenhang mit dem Kunstmarkt erwähnen? Ist das Lobbying?
Thierry Ehrmann:
Nein, ich kann Sie beruhigen, es gibt nur eine Antwort auf Ihre Frage: die Geschichte von Artprice. Wir sind heute das einzige Unternehmen der Welt, das den Kunstmarkt in mehr als einer Million Arbeitsstunden standardisieren ließ. Kunsthistoriker, Wissenschaftler und Kunstjournalisten haben alle Werke aus den Manuskripten und Katalogen vom 17. Jahrhundert bis heute dokumentiert und beschrieben. Aus diesem Grund haben wir die weltweit umfangreichste Datenbank über den Kunstmarkt, mit der wir die Kunstwerke über die Jahrhunderte hinweg verfolgen können. Unsere Kunsthistoriker haben 108 Millionen Bilder und Stiche von Kunstwerken von 1700 bis heute kommentiert. Mit dieser Standardisierung und mehr als 4.500 Auktionshäusern, die mit unserem gesicherten Intranet verbunden sind, sind wir die einzige Presseagentur (Art Market Insight), die makroökonomische Daten, Notierungen und Repeat-Sales-Indizes sowie rund 100 Referenzindizes anbietet. Auf dieser Grundlage können jedes Jahr 6.300 Medien mit objektivem und ausführlichem Zahlenmaterial über den Kunstmarkt berichten.
Boursica:
Können Sie uns ein konkretes Beispiel geben?
Thierry Ehrmann:
Zum Beispiel China, wo wir die einzigen sind, die nicht nur die Sprachschranken überwinden sondern auch die Bräuche und Sitten meistern und diese schwierigen Informationen erhalten.
Boursica:
Die permanente Präsenz in den Medien hat sicher einen Preis?
Thierry Ehrmann:
Nein, im Gegenteil. Printmedien und Fernsehen sind vertraglich gezwungen, uns systematisch mit unserem Internet-Code abzufragen und unsere Methode zu kommentieren. So sparen wir jedes Jahr zwischen 16 und 18 Millionen Euro für die Werbung, die sicher nicht dieselbe Wirkung hätte. Nichts kann die von einer Presseagentur produzierten Inhalte ersetzen, die weitaus einflussreicher sind als es auch sehr gute Werbung jemals sein könnte. Untersuchungen zu bestimmten Märkten für Medien, Versicherungen oder Private Banking werden selbstverständlich von uns in Rechnung gestellt.
Boursica:
Aber Sie haben doch eine internationale Werbekampagne für den Start des standardisierten Auktionsmarktplatzes erwähnt?
Thierry Ehrmann:
Ja, als wir die Auktionen gestartet haben, wurde in den Medien ausführlich darüber berichtet, aber wir haben 2012 trotzdem eine gezielte Kampagne geplant. In jedem Land haben wir die beiden führenden Fachzeitschriften ausgewählt. Außerdem richten wir uns an Fernsehsender, die auf Kunst und Luxus spezialisiert sind. Die Kampagne hat Ende Januar 2012 begonnen und folgt dem Kalender des Kunstmarktes, der im Frühling einen Höhepunkt erreicht.
Boursica:
Kommen wir auf den eben veröffentlichten Kunstmarktbericht zurück. Er kann auf Ihrer Website abgerufen werden. Können Sie uns kurz erläutern, wie das Fazit des Berichts lautet?
Thierry Ehrmann:
Der Titel fasst den Tenor bereits zusammen: „Kunst hat noch nie so viel eingebracht wie 2011“. Weltweit wurde im letzten Jahr mit einem Erlös von 11,5 Milliarden US-Dollar ein neuer Rekord aufgestellt. Das bedeutet, dass der Primärmarkt, d.h. Galerien, Kunsthändler und Makler, rund 90 Milliarden US-Dollar erwirtschaftet haben, was dem Verhältnis des Primär- zum Sekundärmarkt entspricht. Der Anteil der nicht verkauften Werke war noch nie so niedrig. China überholt die USA mit 41 Prozent des weltweiten Kunsthandels. Asien wird mit 45 Prozent des Weltmarktes ein eigener Markt. Die chinesischen Künstler belegen Spitzenplätze, sowohl in unseren Top 10 als auch in den Top 500. Die westliche Ikone Pablo Picasso rutscht erstmals auf Platz vier ab. Frankreich fällt und fällt.
Die Anzahl der Millionenauktionen wächst stetig, insbesondere in Asien.
Boursica:
Ist der Kunstmarkt wie Gold ein sicherer Hafen für Anleger?
Thierry Ehrmann:
Ja, als die Weltwirtschaft und die Finanzwelt 2008 und 2011 zusammengebrochen sind, konnte der Kunstmarkt ausgezeichnete Ergebnisse einfahren. Private Banking-Experten und Vermögensberater empfehlen heute, übrigens auf Grundlage der ökonometrischen Instrumente von Artprice, die Anlagen in Krisenzeiten im Kunstmarkt zu diversifizieren. Sehen Sie sich die Entwicklung nach Preisklassen an, dann werden Sie verstehen, warum der Artprice Global Index sich besser verhält als der S&P 500 oder der Eurostoxx 50.
Boursica:
Wenn wir nun schon von Millionenauktionen sprechen, wann wird es auf Artprice die erste Millionenauktion geben, auf die alle warten?
Thierry Ehrmann:
Millionenauktionen auf Artprice sind angesichts unserer Verhandlungen mit den bedeutenden Akteuren des Kunstmarkts eine Gewissheit. Jetzt ist es nur noch eine Frage der Zeit. Ich könnte mir auch sehr gut vorstellen, dass ein Werk eines chinesischen Künstlers zu einem solchen Preis versteigert wird.
Boursica:
Kommen wir auf Frankreich zurück. Warum stürzt Frankreich immer tiefer ab?
Thierry Ehrmann:
Ich habe diese Frage oft beantwortet. In den Sechzigern stand Frankreich noch an der Spitze, seitdem verliert es leider ständig an Boden. Hier einige Zahlen: Auf zeitgenössische Kunst entfallen jährlich 13 Millionen Euro, was auf den Weltmarkt hochgerechnet gar nichts ist. New York und London erzielen mit schönen Katalogen an einem Tag, was Frankreich in einem Jahr schafft. Natürlich haben das 500-jährige Monopol der Auktionatoren und der klägliche Misserfolg der ersten Reform im Jahr 2000 dazu beigetragen, Frankreich an den Rand des Abgrunds zu drängen. Ich weiß, wovon ich spreche, schließlich habe ich 16 Jahre dagegen gekämpft und Dutzende von Prozessen angestrengt und letztendlich auch gewonnen.
Boursica:
Heute herrscht aber Frieden zwischen Artprice und den ehemaligen Monopolisten?
Thierry Ehrmann:
Auf wirtschaftlicher Ebene ist alles abgeschlossen, der Weg ist geebnet. Auf juristischer Ebene ist das letzte Wort noch nicht gefallen. Wir wollen nicht nachtragend sein, aber wir verlangen einen Ausgleich des von uns erlittenen wirtschaftlichen Schadens. Ferner fordern wir im Rahmen von Widerklagen die Wiedergutmachung einiger Anklagen, die abgewiesen wurden. Schließlich haben wir bei der französischen Wettbewerbsbehörde Anklage gegen französische Auktionshäuser wegen unzulässiger Wettbewerbsbeschränkung erhoben und verfolgen sie weiterhin strafrechtlich. Seit Ende Januar 2012 haben sich nämlich neue Elemente ergeben.
Boursica:
Wen haben Sie im Visier?
Thierry Ehrmann:
Wir haben eine kleine Anzahl Pariser Auktionatoren im Auge, in erster Linie bei Drouot, die sich durch Justizskandale und wiederholte Untersuchungen auszeichnen. Die zuständige französische Aufsichtsbehörde, der Conseil des Ventes Volontaires, veröffentlichte am 6. Januar 2012, einige Stunden nach dem Start unseres standardisierten Auktionsmarktplatzes, ohne uns schriftlich oder telefonisch oder sonst irgendwie benachrichtigt oder gewarnt zu haben, eine völlig surrealistische Pressemeldung. Dabei kennt sie uns gut, sowohl durch die Anhörungen als auch über die Daten, die wir ihr alljährlich für den Bericht über den Kunstmarkt liefern. Seit wann werden Klageschriften als Pressemeldung publik gemacht, ohne dass wir vorher auf dem Rechtsweg darüber informiert werden?
Ich finde die Aufgabe des Conseil des Ventes Volontaires wesentlich, aber er muss den Grundsatz des rechtlichen Gehörs berücksichtigen. Die Lage ist wie sie ist. Wir meinen, dass ein harter Kern von Auktionatoren, die Drouot nahestehen und sich über die Folgen des Gesetzes vom 20. Juli 2011, insbesondere § 5, den ich bereits erwähnt habe, ärgern, den Conseil des Ventes Volontaires absichtlich irregeführt hat. Dabei hat es die Aufsichtsbehörde in den letzten Jahren trotz der dürftigen Mittelausstattung gewagt, mutige Debatten über den unerbittlichen Niedergang des französischen Kunstmarkts zu führen. Wir erhielten brutale Drohungen von einigen wenigen Akteuren, die den Zusammenbruch ihrer Margen und Märkte nicht verkraften wollen. Meinem Scharfsinn und meiner lange Erfahrung zufolge sind solche Hassbezeugungen und Wutausbrüche der beste Beweis dafür, dass wir dort zugeschlagen haben, wo der Gewinn liegt, nämlich bei den 5 Prozent Nettoprovision auf Werke im Wert von mehr als 15.000 Euro und den 7 Prozent auf Werke in der Preisklasse von 7.500 bis 15.000 Euro.
Boursica:
Das Internet hat also den Kunstmarkt unter anderem mit Ihnen geschluckt?
Thierry Ehrmann:
Alles ist relativ. Seit 2000 sind bereits 4.500 Kunst-Websites untergegangen. Zudem sind beinahe alle Kunst-Websites von der Börse verschwunden, werden nun außerbörslich gehandelt und verzeichnen keine Umsätze. Wir haben Artprice mit weniger als 30 Millionen Internetnutzern gestartet. Heute zählen wir mehr als 2,7 Milliarden. Diese Zahlen werden weiter steigen. Die Erklärung des Präsidenten von Christie’s über Kunstwerke und Internet ist für uns der beste Beweis dafür.
Boursica:
Besitzt das Internet noch ein Wachstumspotenzial?
Thierry Ehrmann:
Wir haben erst 30 Prozent des Wachstums im Internet ausgeschöpft. Der herkömmliche Kunstmarkt ist erst zu 15 Prozent entmaterialisiert. Das mobile Internet ist ideal für Artprice, weil unsere Kunden immer unterwegs sind und ständig Informationen benötigen: Sachverständige, Versicherungsvertreter, Galeristen, Auktionatoren, Zollbeamte und natürlich auch Sammler und Kunstliebhaber, die in einer Galerie oder einem Auktionshaus etwas kaufen wollen.
80 Prozent der Anfragen an Artprice werden wohl auf das mobile Internet entfallen. Wir haben schon mehr als 30 Prozent erreicht. Alle großen Marktforschungsunternehmen prognostizieren, dass 2012, gemessen am Smartphoneabsatz, die Zahl der mobilen Internetnutzer um 550 bis 700 Millionen steigen wird. 2015 werden mehr als 3,5 Milliarden mobile Internetsurfer Artprice nutzen können.
Boursica:
Was bedeutet es, dass der herkömmliche Kunstmarkt erst zu 15 Prozent entmaterialisiert ist?
Thierry Ehrmann:
Das bedeutet, dass die Entmaterialisierung des herkömmlichen Kunstmarkts erst begonnen hat.
Ich zitiere gern meinen alten Meister Pythagoras, den ersten Philosophen, für den alles Zahlen war, mit Ausnahme der nicht quantifizierbaren, unaussprechlichen menschlichen Gefühle, die sich nicht erfassen lassen. Aus diesem Grund können über die Anzahl der Internetnutzer hinaus alle Handelsgeschäfte entmaterialisiert werden. Artprice und der Kunstmarkt sind ein ausgezeichnetes Beispiel dafür. Die Herausforderung, die die Welt meistern muss, besteht aus der Entmaterialisierung und der nachhaltigen Entwicklung. Nur die Entmaterialisierung kann die Energiekrise lösen.
Boursica:
Wie gehen Sie bei solchen Zahlen auf der technischen Ebene vor?
Thierry Ehrmann:
Wir arbeiten über Serveur, unsere Muttergesellschaft, die Time Magazine seit 1987 zu den Pionieren im Internet zählt, seit den Neunzigern unter Berücksichtigung der EU-Richtlinien und der Vorschriften des französischen CNIL am Data-Mining. Jetzt beschäftigen wir uns mit dem Big-Data-Konzept und Speichereinheiten, die in Petabyte gemessen werden. Die Daten werden in Echtzeit produziert, kommen aus allen Ländern in kontinuierlichen Datenströmen, werden mit heterogenen Metatags versehen und stammen aus den unterschiedlichsten destrukturierten und nicht prädikativen Quellen.
Boursica:
Wodurch unterscheiden sich Big-Data und Data-Mining? Ist das nicht dasselbe?
Thierry Ehrmann:
Nein. Ich werde Ihnen erklären, warum. Data-Mining besteht darin, Daten mit hohem Mehrwert der Datenbanken der Unternehmensgruppe zu vergleichen, um qualitative Daten zu schaffen. Big-Data bezieht sich auf das Data-Mining in kleineren Mengen. Unter Einhaltung der Datenschutzvorschriften werden Milliarden von Daten (Logs), die bislang als nicht wesentlich galten, gesammelt. Ziel ist es dabei, neue Muster zu erkennen. Seit die Kosten für ein Petabyte (1000 Terabyte) dramatisch gesunken sind, haben wir erkannt, wie diese an und für sich weniger qualitativen und als unwesentlich betrachteten Daten im Data-Mining ausgewertet werden können. Jetzt können wir komplexe, momentane Phänomene verstehen und sehr schnell Produkte und Dienstleistungen anbieten, die den Erwartungen unserer Nutzer genau entsprechen. Und mit Nutzern meine ich Millionen von Menschen, die unsere Website kostenlos oder kostenpflichtig nutzen.
Boursica:
Zu welchen Anwendungen kann Big-Data führen?
Thierry Ehrmann:
Wir konnten zum Beispiel seit der Eröffnung des standardisierten Auktionsmarktplatzes am 18. Januar 2012 nicht nur die beeindruckende Zahl der Besucher auf Artprice messen, sondern aufgrund der Analyse von Hunderten Millionen Logs auch verstehen, warum die neuen Kunden erst seit der Einführung der Auktionen die Website besuchen. Ferner können wir, wie ich es bereits eingangs erwähnt habe, in dem Traffic, der sich beinahe verfünffacht hat, die neuen und potenziellen Kunden analysieren, die sich anscheinend nur für Auktionen interessieren, die jedoch in Wirklichkeit zwischen den Auktionen und den kostenlosen Daten, deren Wert sehr beschränkt ist, in unseren kostenpflichtigen Datenbanken zu den Notierungen, Indizes und Biografien hin- und herpendeln, ohne mehr als 50 Euro auszugeben.
Mit Big-Data können wir maßgeschneiderte Lösungen anbieten, die berücksichtigen, dass 70 Prozent der neuen oder potenziellen Kunden sich über das mobile Internet einloggen. Auf der Grundlage des Anteils der kostenpflichtigen Daten, die sie abrufen, kommen wir auf ein Profil, das rund 36 Euro pro Jahr oder 3 Euro pro Monat ausgibt. Unserer Zielgruppe wird jetzt nicht mehr in Millionen Nutzern gemessen, wie es heute üblich ist, sondern in Dutzenden von Millionen Kunstkonsumenten, die mit iPhones oder Smartphones unter Android von Google ausgestattet sind.
Boursica:
Und wo sind die Künstler geblieben?
Thierry Ehrmann:
Auch hier erkennen wir mit Big Data, dass es neben unserer biografischen Datenbank, die 1,8 Millionen Künstler umfasst, von denen 450.000 an Versteigerungen teilnehmen, es eine knappe Million Künstler gibt, die von der Idee begeistert sind, ihre Werke auf dem standardisierten Auktionsmarktplatz anzubieten, die ihre Biografien online gestellt haben, die ihre Werke jedoch, um unabhängig zu bleiben, weder über Galerien noch über Auktionshäuser verkaufen. Dieses Potenzial ist bedeutend. Da der Preis dieser Werke oft unter 7.500 Euro liegt, berechnen wir nur 9 Prozent Provision und Gebühren.
Boursica:
Wie steht es um ihr soziales Netzwerk Artprice Insider?
Thierry Ehrmann:
Dieses soziale Netzwerk, das mit Soziologen und Netzwerkexperten aufgebaut wird, ist das Gegenteil von Facebook, das heißt, dass die Mitglieder von Artprice unter ihrem wahren Namen auftreten. Artprice Insider wird an den standarisierten Festpreis- und an den Auktionsmarktplatz gekoppelt. Die Ergebnisse der ersten Tests waren ausgezeichnet und der Ideenaustausch war qualitativ sehr gut, im Gegensatz zu manchen sozialen Netzwerken, auf denen vorwiegend Banalitäten ausgetauscht werden. Wir feilen seit 18 Monaten an Verbesserungen, weil ein solches Netzwerk eine wahre Bombe in der sonst so diskreten Kunstwelt ist. Deshalb dürfen wir uns keine Fehler erlauben.
Boursica:
Das Netzwerk ist also Kunstkennern vorbehalten?
Thierry Ehrmann:
Nein, das stimmt nicht ganz. Ich würde eher sagen, dass das Netzwerk einem Think Tank oder einer Brain Box ähnelt. Artprice Insider muss sich durch originelle Ideen, Expertentum und Fachkenntnisse auszeichnen, die Debatte um den Kunstmarkt weiterbringen und zur Entwicklung neuer Konzepte beitragen. Alles, aber auch wirklich alles muss neu erfunden werden, da der Kunstmarkt bis zur Entstehung des Internets in einem tiefen Schlaf versunken war. Und hier noch ein Scoop: Einige Akteure, die zu den Top 100 der Market Maker des Kunstmarkts gehören, haben zugesagt, live in unserem Netzwerk aufzutreten.
Boursica:
Wie finden Sie eigentlich noch die Zeit, eine Retrospektive ihres Werks als bildender Künstler über die letzten 30 Jahre vorzubereiten, die im Juni 2012 im Demeure du Chaos, der Hauptverwaltung von Artprice und gleichzeitig Museum für zeitgenössische Kunst, stattfinden soll?
Thierry Ehrmann:
Ich bereite diese Retrospektive seit 18 Monaten vor. Im Juni 2012 bin ich seit 30 Jahren als bildender Künstler tätig. Für dieses Ereignis habe ich in den letzten 18 Monaten 450 Stahlskulpturen geschaffen, die den Besucher zu einem Parcours auf dem Gelände einladen. Dort entdecken sie die 3609 Werke, die den Korpus des Demeure du Chaos bilden. Die New York Times nannte diesen Wohnsitz des Chaos auch Abode of Chaos.
Die europaweit größte Bildhauerinstallation besteht aus 900 Tonnen Stahl, die von Schmieden mit Hochpräzisionslasern bearbeitet wurden. Diese Ausstellung erlaubt mir wieder einmal, die Künstler und Akteure des Kunstmarkts genau zu analysieren. Man kann nicht Artprice aufbauen, ohne gleichzeitig völlig in der Kunst versunken zu sein. Zu den 120.000 Besuchern pro Jahr gehören viele Aktionäre und Kunden, mit denen ich am Wochenende außerhalb des Büros über Artprice diskutieren kann. Ich kann also sagen, dass ich eine 63-Stunden-Woche habe. Diese Entscheidung, die ich bewusst getroffen habe, kann vieles erklären, was manche Menschen nicht richtig verstehen.
Boursica:
Was sagen Sie zu ihrem Börsenkurs 2011? Was erwarten Sie 2012?
Thierry Ehrmann:
In Europa konnten wenige börsennotierte Unternehmen die Entwicklung ihres Aktienkurses so gut voraussagen wie wir. Artprice verzeichnete die beste Kursentwicklung an der Börse. Unser Titel stieg 2011 um 472 Prozent. Vom 1. Januar bis zum 31. Dezember 2011 wurde ein Aktienvolumen im Wert von 873 Millionen umgesetzt. Außerdem notieren wir nun bei 67 Euro, was ich ebenfalls prognostiziert habe. In den letzten zwölf Monaten stieg der Kurs um 476 Prozent und wurden Titel im Wert von 1,25 Milliarden Euro gehandelt. Jetzt sind wir im Segment B von Eurolist und seit einigen Tagen auch auf der SRD Long Only Liste. Wenn wir dann auch noch die Auktionen berücksichtigen, so sollte der Kurs sich 2012 bei 90 Euro konsolidieren, vorausgesetzt natürlich, dass die Entwicklung nicht von Ereignissen gebremst wird, auf die wir keinen Einfluss haben.
Boursica: Sie haben kürzlich Investmentfonds erwähnt, die sich für Artprice interessieren. Um welche Fonds handelt es sich?
Thierry Ehrmann:
Ich kann hier nicht über vertrauliche Daten sprechen, aber unsere Aufnahme in die SRD Long Only Liste hat dazu geführt, dass viele Investmentfonds, die nur in französische Unternehmen auf der SRD Long Only Liste investieren dürfen, sich jetzt an uns beteiligen können. Sie haben einen anderen Ansatz als die Franzosen und vergleichen uns unter anderen mit Sotheby’s, dem einzigen börsennotierten Auktionshaus der Welt. Diese Anleger sehen Artprice und den standardisierten Festpreis- und Auktionsmarktplatz als Hauptakteur des Kunstmarkts im Internet und bewerten uns aus diesem Grund anders, da sie meinen, dass unser Kurs nicht unseren wahren Wert widerspiegelt.
Boursica: Könnten Sie näher darauf eingehen?
Thierry Ehrmann:
In unserem ersten Gespräch im Juni 2011 haben wir konkrete Beispiele für die einzelnen Bewertungsmethoden gegeben, die schon mehr als 120 Jahre alt sind. Der Wert eines Auktionshauses besteht zu 80 Prozent aus der Kundendatei, d.h. 800 bis 4.000 US-Dollar je Kunde, und zu 20 Prozent aus dem Markennamen des Auktionshauses, wenn es bekannt ist. Der Unterschied zwischen einem 800 US-Dollar-Kunden und einem 4.000 US-Dollar-Kunden besteht aus der Informationsdichte über den Endkunden, auf deren Grundlage dann der Preis ermittelt wird. Für die Mitarbeiterinnen und Mitarbeiter von Artprice, für mich und für unsere Aktionäre beginnt jetzt wohl eine neue Ära. Wir sind sozusagen wie ein Unternehmen, das seinen Börsengang am Nasdaq plant und noch dazu über elf Jahre Erfahrung an der Börse verfügt. Das ist unheimlich spannend und sehr motivierend.
Boursica:
Und wie steht es mit den Abkommen in Asien?
Thierry Ehrmann:
Im März 2012 beginnen wir in China Verhandlungen mit den wichtigsten chinesischen Auktionshäusern. Wir haben rund 40 Termine. Wir teilen viele Ideen, so zum Beispiel über die Entmaterialisierung des Kunstmarkts. Auch die Chinesen sind der Ansicht, dass physische Auktionsräume 2012 vor dem Hintergrund von Internet und unserem standardisierten Auktionsmarktplatz, der in Hongkong über einen eigenen Standort verfügen wird, nicht mehr gefragt sind.
In Asien, das ich seit 20 Jahren kenne, laufen Verhandlungen ganz anders als in Europa. Es braucht sehr lang, das Vertrauen des künftigen Geschäftspartners zu gewinnen. Versprechen sind wichtiger als das Vertragsrecht. Im Gegenteil dazu kann ein Geschäft so schnell abgeschlossen werden, dass Europäer oft in Panik geraten. Meiner Meinung nach ist Artprice in Asien sehr gut aufgestellt. Wir werden als Vorreiter betrachtet und haben den in Asien oft als unzeitgemäß geltenden angelsächsischen Häusern gegenüber einen beachtlichen Vorsprung.
Boursica:
Sie haben eben die altehrwürdigen angelsächsischen Auktionshäuser erwähnt. Welche Beziehungen haben Sie zu ihnen, insbesondere seit dem 18. Januar 2012?
Thierry Ehrmann:
Das Kräfteverhältnis, das 2005 durch den standardisierten Festpreismarktplatz entstand, hat sich geändert. Beide Seiten haben sich Fragen in Bezug auf ihre Zukunft gestellt. In anderen Branchen als dem Kunstmarkt hat die Gegenüberstellung Old Economy / New Economy zu Fortschritten geführt. 1999 zählten wir 50 Millionen Nutzer, heute sind es knapp 3 Milliarden, das sind harte Fakten, auf die ich meine Theorie des wirtschaftlichen Paradigmenwechsels stütze.
Boursica:
Könnten Sie uns näher erklären, um welche Fortschritte es sich dreht?
Thierry Ehrmann:
Die Old Economy hat endlich verstanden, dass eine 25-jährige Präsenz im Internet, wie die der Firma Serveur, der Artprice gehört und die ich gegründet habe, eine Raumzeit ist. Diese Raumzeit ist nicht nur inkompressibel, sondern wegen der hochkomplexen Internetkultur auch beinahe unerschwinglich. Für den Kunstmarkt ist eine Anekdote aus der „Occupy Wall Street“-Bewegung sehr aufschlussreich. So wurde vermögenden Personen empfohlen, bestimmt Ort zu meiden, allen voran die Auktionshäuser. Die meisten Auktionshäuser verkaufen aber ohnehin schon ihre Immobilien oder kündigen ihre Pachtverträge. Sie entdecken, dass gesicherte IT-Netzwerke, Data-Mining, Verhaltensmarketing, Indizierung und den Kunstmarkt standardisierende Datenbanken bedeutende Ressourcen voraussetzen. Die finanziellen und technologischen Schwellen sind sehr hoch. Zudem gibt es manchmal, so wie in unserem Fall, Rechte zum Schutz des geistigen Eigentums, das heißt, sie dürfen keine patentierten standardisierten Marktplätze® erstellen, deren Urheberrechte bei Artprice liegen.
Boursica:
Was folgern Sie daraus?
Thierry Ehrmann:
Erstens hat die Gegenpartei den Wert der Sachanlagen und immateriellen Werte verstanden, die das Vermögen von Artprice bilden. Zweitens haben alle bedeutenden Auktionshäuser in Internet investiert, meistens im Rahmen von zwei oder drei Investitionsplänen. Jedes Mal wurden zweistellige Millionenbeträge investiert, aber das Ergebnis war nie zufriedenstellend und manchmal sogar katastrophal. Drittens wurde ein langjähriger Akteur wie Artprice anerkannt und erstmals eine Aufteilung des Kunstmarkts ernsthaft erwogen.
Boursica:
Wie wird der Kunstmarkt aufgeteilt?
Thierry Ehrmann:
Ganz einfach. Das Segment der Werke unter 15.000 Euro entgleitet ihnen, dabei ist das ein sehr großer Teil, auf ihn entfallen immerhin 81 Prozent. Zwischen 15.000 und 50.000 Euro sind sie preislich nicht wirklich wettbewerbsfähig. Jetzt stellt sich die Frage der Werke im Wert von mehr als 50.000 Euro und natürlich auch der Millionen-Euro-Werke, die manchmal von maßgeschneiderten Dienstleistungen für Käufer und Verkäufer begleitet werden. Die traditionsreichen Auktionshäuser erkennen sehr schnell, dass ihr Alter und ihre Marketingvorteile nicht ausreichen, um in den kommenden fünf Jahren ausgewogene Ergebnisse zu erzielen. Es bleibt ihnen nichts anderes übrig, als mit uns zusammenzuarbeiten.
Wir respektieren ihren Ansatz, aber wir vergleichen sie doch mit unseren asiatischen Partnern, die sich seit langer Zeit auf diese Situation vorbereitet haben und heute keine Probleme mehr lösen müssen. Es ist aber ohne weiteres möglich, dass wir uns doch noch mit ihnen verständigen. Die neue Managergeneration an der Spitze der traditionsreichen Häuser hat keine Angst vor den Gespenstern der Vergangenheit und sieht tatendurstig in die Zukunft.
2012 werden unsere Aktionäre sicher einige positive Überraschungen erleben.
Boursica:
Woran denken Sie dabei?
Thierry Ehrmann:
Ohne Geschäftsgeheimnisse zu verraten kann ich nur andeuten, dass wir mit bedeutenden Akteuren über White-Label- oder CoBranding-Abkommen verhandeln. In diesem Rahmen kann der Umsatz der herkömmlichen Auktionshäuser, die seit vielen Jahren Auktionen durchführen und nun unseren standardisierten Auktionsmarktplatz auf eigene Rechnung nutzen wollen, unseren Börsenkurs beeinflussen.
Wir erleben gegenwärtig immer wieder dasselbe Szenario: Der Geschäftsführer eines bedeutenden internationalen Auktionshauses geht in den Ruhestand, ein junger 35-jähriger Manager tritt seine Nachfolge an, führt ein Audit durch und kommt sofort zu uns, um das große Geschäft zu landen, während sein viel älterer Vorgänger Artprice höchstens als UFO der Kunstwelt wahrgenommen hat, ohne weiter darüber nachzudenken. Geduld war schon immer eine der Grundvoraussetzungen für den Erfolg von Artprice.
Boursica:
Welche Rolle spielen Sie in diesem Rahmen?
Thierry Ehrmann:
In diesem Fall agieren wir als IT-Berater oder Server Center und stellen die Hosting- und Nutzungskosten unserer eigenen Software und Datenbanken in Rechnung.
Boursica:
Und nun noch eine abschließende Bemerkung. In unserem ersten Gespräch haben Sie behauptet, Artprice wäre bei 10 Prozent ihrer Geschichte angekommen, in unserem zweiten Gespräch meinten sie allerdings, es wären erst 5 Prozent. Wie viel Prozent sind es heute?
Thierry Ehrmann:
Wir sind immer noch bei 5 Prozent der Entwicklung, der große Unterschied liegt darin, dass die letztes Jahr erwähnten 5 Prozent einfach ein Schätzwert war, der heute von Fakten und Zahlen erhärtet wurde. Für uns und unsere Aktionäre ist das eine ausgezeichnete Nachricht.
© 2002-2012 Boursica.com alle Rechte vorbehalten
Die vorherigen Exklusivinterviews mit Thierry Ehrmann können Sie hier einsehen :
http://serveur.serveur.com/Press_Release/2011-interview-thierry-ehrmann.html
Artprice ist der Weltmarktführer für Kunstmarktinformationen und –indizes mit insgesamt mehr als 27 Millionen Auktionsergebnissen und Preisindizes von mehr als 450.000 Künstlern. Artprice Images© stellt Ihnen einen unbegrenzten Zugang zu einer weltweit einmaligen Bibliothek mit 108 Millionen Abbildungen und Drucken von Kunstwerken von 1700 bis heute. Artprice bereichert laufend seine Datenbanken mit Informationen von weltweit 4.500 Auktionshäusern und veröffentlicht kontinuierlich die Kunstmarkttendenzen für die wichtigsten Agenturen und 6.300 Pressetitel aus der ganzen Welt. Artprice stellt darüber hinaus einen der wichtigsten Kunstmarktplätze weltweit zum Kaufen und Verkaufen von Kunstwerken, dessen angebote unter den 1.400.000 Artprice Mitgliedern bekannt gemacht werden (Quelle Artprice)
Artprice ist geführt am Eurolist by Euronext Paris : Euroclear : 7478 – Bloomberg : PRC – Reuters : ARTF
Entdecken Sie die Alchimie und das Universum von Artprice , dessen Haupsitz sich im bekannten zeitgeössischen Museum, des Abode of Chaos befindet : http://web.artprice.com/video/
Zur Übersicht der Artprice Presseberichte:
http://serveur.serveur.com/press_release/pressreleaseen.htm
Verfolgen Sie in Echtzeit das Kunstmarktgeschehen :Artprice.com auf Twitter : http://twitter.com/artpricedotcom/
Kontact: Josette Mey, tel: +33(0)478-220-000, e-mail: ir@artprice.com
Artprice’s annual art market report 2011. Art sales at their best.
Paris, February 27 , 2012
Artprice’s annual art market report 2011. Art sales at their best.
While old economies are struggling, growth is accelerating in the BRICS countries. The five BRICS – Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa- have been enjoying much stronger economic expansion than the developed countries and China’s growth in particular has profoundly modified the geographical structure of the global art market according to thierry Ehrmann, the founder and CEO of Artprice, the world leader in art market information. Moreover, in Singapore, Beijing and Hong Kong, politicians are aware of the enormous economic potential of art for their state or their city, and their governments strongly support major cultural events including Contemporary Art fairs. In addition to the 49% growth in auction revenue from artworks in China, a number of other Asian countries have also posted particularly dynamic growth, such as Singapore (+22%) and Indonesia (+39%).
This growth has been driven by the emergence of new and very wealthy collectors and a growing number of art investment funds. As a result, the Asian art market has become the most high-end area of the entire globe. For example, 12.1% of works sold in Asia sell for between $100,000 and $1m, versus 2.2% for the rest of the world. China, Asia’s leading economic power and world leader for sales of artworks, has surprised everyone not just by its acquisitive capacity but also by its independence. It accounts for the highest auction results (with 774 auction results above $1 million recorded in 2011 compared with 426 in the USA and 377 in the UK), mostly generated at auctions in Beijing and Hong Kong. Even if China were deprived of the strong Hong Kong sales of Christie’s and Sotheby’s, it would easily remain the first global marketplace!
In 2011, the global art auction market generated 21% more than in 2010 and there is not a single segment of the art market that did not progress in terms of turnover. Compared with 2010, Modern art added $1.2B, Post-war art added $372m, Contemporary art added $291m, Old Masters added $124 million and 19th century art posted an increase of $43 million. In addition, bulimic buying has not left any medium on the side-lines. 2011 saw the sale of more paintings, sculptures, photographs, drawings and even prints than 2010. Indeed, driven by the rocketing prices of the Chinese Old and Modern masters, drawing has really come into its own, with its annual revenue up by $1.318 billion over the year.
This year, Artprice’s annual art market report – based on 6.3 million auction results from 4,500 auction houses around the world and distributed to over 6,300 media organisations and international institutions every year in 6 languages – will focus particularly on China’s successful conquest of the global art market. Our 2011 Art Market Trends contain macro- and micro-economic analyses providing the keys to understanding the annual evolution of the global auction market. It discusses the major trends in the market, analysed throughout the year on the ArtMarketInsight page of our website, by the Artprice press agency and by our Econometrics Department. To complement this objective appreciation of the art market based on a year of global auction results, Artprice also offers numerous original rankings such as the Top 500 artists by auction revenue and the Top 100 auction results of the year.
Download the complete PDF format document (Free download)
http://imgpublic.artprice.com/pdf/trends2011_en.pdf
- Edito
- A high-end market unaffected by the crisis
- New record year
- The powers at work
- Modern art: the core of the market in 2011
- The best of the Old Masters
Contemporary art - Structural mutation: the art market in the Internet age
- Top 10 Artists
- 11 figures for 2011
- Powerful art market columnists comment the year
- 2011 from the AMCI’s viewpoint
- 2011 in 140 characters – the year as seen by @artpricedotcom
- Top 100 auction results in 2011
- Top 500 artists by auction revenue in 2011
Source: http://www.artprice.com (c)1987-2012 thierry Ehrmann
Artprice is the global leader in databank on Artprices and indices with more than 27 million indices and auction results covering 450,000 artists. Artprice Images® offers unlimited access to the largest Discover the Alchemy and the universe of Artprice http://web.artprice.com/video/, which headquarters are the famous Museum of Contemporary Art, the Abode of Chaos Artprice is listed on Eurolist B by Euronext Paris (SRD long only): Euroclear: 7478 – Bloomberg: PRC – Reuters: Artprice releases: http://serveur.serveur.com/press_release/pressreleaseen.htm Follow all of the art market’s news with Artprice on Twitter: |
Second part of an exclusive interview with Thierry Ehrmann, CEO of Artprice.com (9 October 2011)
Paris, October 10, 2011
Second part of an exclusive interview with Thierry Ehrmann, CEO of Artprice.com (9 October 2011)
Boursica: Since our first interview in early June, a lot has happened to Artprice and to financial markets.
We have many questions to which we would like you to give detailed answers.
Firstly, why, in your opinion, did the exclusive interview that you gave to Boursica in June 2011 about Artprice – presented in several languages on Google (and view 210 000 times so far) – elicit so much interest from the public?
(Interview of June 2011: http://serveur.serveur.com/Press_Release/pressreleaseEN.htm#20110606)
Thierry Ehrmann?
I just think French shareholders are frustrated with politically correct communiqués from companies listed on regulated markets that require doctorate level educations to decrypt.
The first interview recounts in plain language the extraordinary story of Artprice’s development, created from scratch 14 years ago, to become the world leader in art market information. The story’s appeal is intimately linked to the fact that it concerns, above all, an extraordinary human adventure and with an exceptional team, a huge project considered almost utopian at the time, but which has now become a hard reality, used every day by 1.3 million Artprice members and millions of free users who ultimately purchase information on Artprice when the time is right for them.
Boursica: In that first interview you talked about Artprice’s uninterrupted sequence of unprecedented legal disputes. The company’s development therefore hasn’t been all roses?
Thierry Ehrmann:
Artprice’s history has indeed involved many legal battles on different continents. You cannot break into the world’s oldest monopoly – the art market – without treading on some people’s feet. But in that interview, I clearly argued that today you cannot judge a company simply by its accounts, balance sheet and annexes. In 2011, non-tangible assets and particularly intellectual property have become, to quote Paul Getty, the petroleum of the 21st century. IFRS still cannot measure numerous human, financial and scientific factors which are fundamental for appreciating a group such as Artprice.
Boursica: This sort of language may be appropriate for your small shareholder audience, but is it enough for financial professionals!
Thierry Ehrmann:
Absolutely! You cannot imagine the number of fund managers, corporate bankers and financial analysts who have admitted to me that, with that interview, they have at last obtained a really useful insight into Artprice, one that had been lacking in the 10 years of registration documents and regulatory information that has been in circulation. It is even possible that one day Artprice will be studied as a case example at the SFAF (Société Française des Analystes Financiers – French School of Financial Analysis).
Boursica: So in your view, the communication issued by listed companies on regulated markets is simply a coded way of saying nothing?
Thierry Ehrmann:
Regulated information, contrary to conventional wisdom, can disclose a lot more than we imagine. Some listed companies should stop railing against the AMF and other supervisory authorities. What I am talking about is the way certain companies conduct a kind of self-censorship. Who is going to invest in equity on the basis of a quarterly publication that contains very little in the way of concrete reality? The recent communiqués from the banks are of course a perfect example… particularly concerning their stress tests and their risk exposure. In just three months, we have heard some extremely conflicting information…
Boursica: So what should senior management teams do?
Thierry Ehrmann:
Business leaders should have an honest and almost physical relationship with markets and shareholders. Of course, this involves time, endurance and the management of sometimes passionate feedback, but these are the rules of the game. All honest, passionate and full communication leads mechanically to shareholder or fund manager disinhibition because these people are constantly subjected to the dictates of sterile press releases and so when they hear or read something « real », they sometimes go with Artprice.
Boursica: Let’s talk again about the law of 20 July 2011 which transposed the European Services Directive into French law, and about its impact on online auctions. What does this mean for you?
Thierry Ehrmann:
It represents a huge victory for us after eleven years of legislative hell, European lobbying and a merciless war against a small cast of individuals that was hell-bent on perpetuating this monopoly which has survived since 1556 to the 21st century. All kinds of twisted strategies have been thrown at us… but they have only strengthened our confidence that we had, in the form of Artprice’s Standardized Marketplace and the behaviour logs of our 1.3 million members in accordance with European laws on data personal, a very important share of the global art market. The legal allegation of concerted practices that Artprice has filed with the anti-trust authorities is currently being investigated and it contains some highly incriminating information for our opponents. This case will no doubt generate some very interesting news in the near future.
Boursica: This hard-headed determination to resist change by what you call a « cast », does it have its roots in an economic logic or in a simple loss of social status?
Thierry Ehrmann:
An old rule says that the degree of aggressiveness of the opponent tells you, in real time, the distance you are from the vault where he reigns supreme. From this point of view, with 126 trials of which 117 have been won on different continents (see the first interview), we were sure, without a shadow of a doubt, that we were extremely close to acquiring, legally, this monopoly without an abuse of a dominant position. I would liken our war with the old guard to the process described in Tomasi of Lampedusa’s The Leopard – a perfect metaphor for what we have experienced.
Boursica: This law is applicable since 1 September 2011. What are you waiting for?
Thierry Ehrmann:
Indeed, 1 September 2011 is the date of application of the law, but I invite you to read Article 5 where are obliged to wait for a joint Order from the Ministry of Justice and the Ministry of Culture concerning the movement of cultural assets. This Order will soon be declared. I should clarify that an Order is not subject to any legislative debate and, as its name suggests, allows uniquely for the determination of the applicative methodology of a given piece of legislation. There is therefore no risk that a third party could slow down in any manner whatsoever this unilateral communiqué.
Boursica: Some of our members told us the Figaro newspaper had decided to launch itself in the auction world.
Thierry Ehrmann:
Nothing new… I remind you that the Dassault family is both the owner of Figaro and one of France’s major auction houses, Artcurial. For years, the Figaro has run full-page advertisements for Artcurial. It was therefore natural that the Figaro, under its own brand, should promote the sales of the auction houses in its own group (amongst others), but the Figaro, as a legal entity, is not an operator within the meaning of the Act of 20 July 2011. I remind you that for several years now Artprice, through a partnership, has been providing almost all the data and text for the Special Issue of Figaro Fine Art – Guide to the Art Market.
Boursica: Specifically, how will auctions on Artprice actually take place? Will it be like eBay?
Thierry Ehrmann:
Absolutely not! For many reasons: the average hammer price being, according to our studies, around 12,000 euros, this requires a fundamentally different legal and commercial approach. Our model is primarily based on clearly identified members. Thanks to an agreement we have signed with Interpol’s Stolen Works of Art database, on our system, buyers can check at any time, from any page in our site, whether the artwork being presented for sale is subject to any claim, search warrant or ownership dispute.
Unlike the well-known public auctions services, Artprice imposes on its customers a permanent legal presence which I believe provides the confidence necessary for the success of our Standardized Marketplace as an online auction broker operating remotely by electronic means. In effect, Artprice has been working over the past 5 years with nearly 70 criminal investigation departments around the world allowing Artprice to build an unrivalled level of Internet confidence that is strengthened by its constant collaboration with artists, beneficiaries and experts.
However, our real advantage is our decision to set up escrow accounts with release instructions in which Artprice has conceptualised all possible legal scenarios to ensure that its online sales are indisputable and can be conducted with a level of confidence rarely equalled on Internet. This escrow principle is the same principle used by notaries and lawyers in transactions.
Boursica: Can you tell us exactly how this escrow account will work?
Thierry Ehrmann:
So I will briefly describe the process: when the seller, via a series of procedures, validates the highest bidder of the auction, the buyer must physically transfer the amount, by any means of payment he may wish to use, to an escrow bank account using a unique username and account I-D number. You know the golden rule… a crook will never pay for something in advance. In our framework, the seller has a strong guarantee with the money transferred to a trusted third party. Then, after a highly codified set of procedures, the buyer will definitively validate the sale and give the instruction to release the funds so that the seller can collect the proceeds of the sale and Artprice, in turn, can receive its commission, ranging from 4.5% to 9%, depending on the products and services used in the sale. Our great strength is that we start with a database where each of our 1.3 million members is attributed a confidence index score in compliance with the European directives on personal data.
Boursica: So according to you, the security on Artprice would be almost greater than at a traditional auction house.
Thierry Ehrmann:
Indeed… I would say that our excellent knowledge of the digital economy, combined with our highly advanced computer systems and our unmatched attention to the legal dimension, means that our auctions and other services enjoy a better level of security than that which obtains in the old economy. According to the French Payment Cards Economic Interest Group, we have had, for over 10 years, one of the lowest rates of credit card rejection.
Boursica: In our first interview you described exactly how Artprice can, on its Marketplace, meet the demand of a client wishing to sell, for example, a sculpture by Armand: « Les Poubelles Organiques » by extracting from its billions of client logs all clients who are fans of Armand, his sculptures in particular and more specifically of the period in which he produced Les Poubelles Organiques. Since then however, you have reported further progress; what is that?
Thierry Ehrmann:
Once again, the art market is still way behind the global reality. We must remember that we went from 50 million Internet users in 2000 to over 2.5 billion Internet-connected people in 2011. In 2013, we will largely exceed the three billion threshold. That is why, we have received from around the world – after the law passed on 20 July 2011 – a number of highly interesting proposals from groups operating in the art market and financial groups who believe that just as the virtual stock market replaced the old trading floor, so our Standardized Marketplace is not just an option… but an obligation! I remind you that our parent Group Server, of which I am the founder, has been on the Internet since 1985.
Boursica: What exactly are we talking about here? Potential clients or potential competitors for Artprice?
Thierry Ehrmann:
In the first interview, I clearly explained that Artprice’s Standardized Marketplace is subject to massive intellectual property protection, and on a number of different continents. So we are talking about potential clients and major accounts.
Boursica: What do you mean by potential clients? Since you have said in your press releases that almost 83% of Auction Houses and art experts already work with you.
Thierry Ehrmann:
Indeed, that figure is correct and confirmed. I’m talking about new clients and groups, mainly Asian, relatively young and very wealthy, who cannot envisage the art market of the 21st century, so they say, without a business or capitalistic alliance with Artprice’s Standardized Marketplace. They bring us community networks, hundreds of thousands of buyers and sellers, because they rightly believe that the art market will take off seriously when the intermediation margin collapses, which according to the Council of Voluntary Sales, is about 37.5%.
Boursica: What is their business model and where is your advantage?
Thierry Ehrmann:
Despite a dominant position, there are still – especially in Asian countries like China, of course, (the world’s no. 1 art marketplace)… but also Singapore, Hong Kong etc. – a number of capillary networks that cannot be apprehended. Our partners have fully understood the value-added they bring us and they have integrated, contrary to what is generally believed, the insurmountable barrier of intellectual property that is indeed a very substantial barrier to entry (cf Apple vs. Samsung). So they modelled – with large sums of money that no European is able to commit – a war machine by using affinity marketing to piggyback our Standardized Marketplace. Simply speaking, we are implementing white and/or free brands. For them, the cards have been dealt, and some of them are already forecasting their IPOs. It’s not for nothing that we are patiently preparing the opening of a subsidiary and data rooms in Hong Kong which is the testing laboratory of the People’s Republic of China and the gateway to all of Asia. Hong Kong is already one of the top five capitals of the global art market.
Boursica: So does this mean in concrete terms that Artprice is going to participate in IPOs?
Thierry Ehrmann:
We need to understand that the crisis which started in 2007 is, in my opinion, a sign of the decline of the West and certainly not just another recession. I have no time to lose. While in Europe, it takes me three months to get an appointment with a key player, in Asia, we are already drafting memoranda of understanding. As such, it is clear that Artprice will use for its own account all the interest of future IPOs of these major players whose projected funding will, in some cases, be larger than Sotheby’s, which is listed on the NYSE.
Boursica: Who can exceed Sotheby’s capitalization?
Thierry Ehrmann:
I am thinking, for example, of Poly International Auction, a leading Chinese auction house that we have known physically for a number of years and which is preparing its IPO without the slightest concern for the collapse of Western financial markets. There are also a large number of players who have understood the sociological mechanism of art fairs and biennials and found in the social network, Artprice Insider (that we have been developing for nearly two years with sociologists, market players and its members) a revolutionary way to perpetuate an art fair, which by nature is an ephemeral phenomenon, but nonetheless necessary.
Boursica: Does this mean the end of Contemporary Art fairs as we know them?
Thierry Ehrmann:
Ultimately, yes… but in practice, of course not… they will still continue and will act as the highlights of art news, the continuity of which, throughout the year will be on Artprice Insider amongst other sources. Here again, we had to patiently deconstruct the socio-economic mechanism of international fairs. To understand this revolution, dealers and galleries, in the 1990s, considered international fairs as a way to boost their sales. Today, their main concern is to exchange information with their clients and colleagues and, at the very least, to earn enough to cover the cost of their stand. Again, we replace an expensive and ephemeral physical network by a low-cost and permanent digital network. We must not forget that there are more than 300 international art fairs a year, which is a heresy from an economic point of view. Only historical and powerful Fairs such as the FIAC – with whom we have jointly edited for the last 5 years the bilingual annual report on the Contemporary Art market – will survive.
Boursica: In the current economic crisis which is unprecedented, is art really a safe haven?
Thierry Ehrmann:
Many studies by economists, sociologists and researchers have been published in the 20th century on the profitability of artworks, but these researchers did not have right econometric tools. They used, in general, arithmetic tools which were based on a comparison approach; but this approach induced errors since their studies involved a heterogeneous market type, as I explained in the first interview. To recap, we can trace a work that has been identified and « standardized » by us from a sales catalogue in 1908 as it is sold at auction regularly through the subsequent decades. Our system allows us to be sure it is the same artwork. We therefore know its value and performance year by year, and for this reason, we are the only company in the world to have a flawless econometric method (base on repeat sales) that can be applied to all « homogeneous » works.
That’s why we set up indices and tools from the financial milieu that measure the performance of Old, Modern and Contemporary art. Our statistics show without any doubt that in certain price ranges and concerning certain artists or specific works, the price performance is almost constant, regardless of external factors, including the collapse of financial markets.
Boursica: That seems to suggest we could have derivative instruments based on the art market?
Thierry Ehrmann:
Indeed, we have international partners from the private banking and finance sectors who, together with our data, are preparing the securitization of artworks for which we own the entire history of prices and indices. We should not forget that artworks were involved in the launch of the first banks in Europe and for many centuries they were used as pledges and guarantees and as vehicles of fiduciary value.
Boursica: Who will be their professional buyers and their final clients?
Thierry Ehrmann:
Mainly financiers, who usually have good knowledge of the art market and who believe that these derivative products – backed by the reliable indices that we produce – give them additional protection against stock market volatility.
The first marketing tests have been very positive. Clients of private banks or family offices (more than 30 million HNWIs around the world) were very receptive to this type of financial asset.
Boursica: Why do you think that – faced with such revolutionary changes – the existing structure of the Western art market is so conservative?
Thierry Ehrmann:
I would not be quite so categorical. The older generation is indeed at least 30 years behind because it was mainly negotiating works by deceased artists. This gave them the certainty that very few new works by the artists would appear on the market. Today, mainly in Asia but also in North America and Europe, Contemporary living artists often produce more than their Modern peers who, according to art history criteria, are all dead. So we are in the presence of nearly a million recognized artists, living exclusively from their work, with an average sale price on the primary market of 8,000 to 15,000 euros (galleries) and to the secondary market (auctions) of 30,000 – 70,000 euros. Artprice is the only company in the world with full biographies and index data for these artists. Hence the fact that the primary and secondary markets are constantly on Artprice in both free and paid access. To illustrate the backwardness of the older generation, I will give you a very telling anecdote: the President of a leading French auction houses told me he was thinking this summer about the Internet, and he said « … given that we have now exceeded 200 million internet connections in the world… ». It’s terrifying to hear such nonsense from such a distinguished and otherwise learned CEO; the number of Internet users worldwide is today well over 2.5 billion! The old guard is indeed a long way behind reality.
Boursica: Under the « key person » section of the chapter on « Risk Factors » in your Registration Document, we learn that you have yourself been an artist-sculptor for 30 years. Is this intimate knowledge of artists a special advantage?
Thierry Ehrmann:
Yes indeed, my status as a sculptor-artist allows me to be at the heart of the arts community and to understand its evolution, its changing needs, its problems and its ambitions.
Boursica: Do you still find time to produce works?
Thierry Ehrmann:
Absolutely! For example, I just finished this summer a monumental 50 ton installation of 99 steel sculptures called Les Sentinelles Alchimiques (The Alchemical Sentinels) on 9000 m² that envelop like a Duchampian infra-mince my 3600 works comprising the corpus of the « Abode of Chaos » (dixit The New York Times), which is also the headquarters of Artprice and Server Group. It is currently one of the largest sculptural installations in Europe.
Boursica: How long has it taken the market to increase tenfold?
Thierry Ehrmann:
In less than 20 years we have moved from traditional oil paintings for which the drying-time on the canvas took months to a world of acrylic paint and technological and industrial innovations that allows sculptures and installations to be produced in weeks not months. Hence the volume of artworks produced in the world has been multiplied by 20 in less than 25 years. The explosion of this market – which now affects a multitude of generations and social statuses with nearly 300 million non-professional buyers, collectors and art professionals – is being fuelled by the falling unit production cost of the artworks, making them accessible to a much broader public.
Boursica: We still see very large price swings for works produced by young artists?
Thierry Ehrmann:
Yes that’s true, but these young artists, via the Internet and thanks to our Standardized Marketplace, where each has a dedicated space, know how to adapt very quickly to the market correction, by reducing their production or by moving to continents where there is a stronger economic growth. Facing them is a generation of old players who are sometimes forced to stop sales or block already printed catalogues because the price correction can occur much faster than it takes to organise a conventional auction sale, which requires a minimum of 4 to 9 months preparation. Ultimately, today’s artists have acquired, intuitively, a reaction to the market close to that of the best merchants. The myth of the « cursed artist » is gone forever.
Boursica: Is this one of the things that attracts most of the entire world’s auction houses to Artprice?
Thierry Ehrmann:
Of course, the auction houses, with Artprice’s Standardized Marketplace, will be able to build or modify their auctions on a daily basis through our secure intranet, literally sticking to the market with the certainty of growing sales in our ultra-qualified client database, which is the largest in the world today. So what used to take six months – i.e. organising a successful auction sale in proper conditions – now takes several days for both the buyer and the seller, and, with the certainty of settling the sale and transferring the cash within just a few days.
Boursica: How far will Artprice disseminate its information, free or paid?
Thierry Ehrmann:
We have colossal resources in terms of servers and bandwidth overcapacity, because we are, through Server Group, our own operator; we distribute our data free or in rare cases with very low prices to academic establishments, art schools around the world, artists’ associations, copyright companies, art historians, researchers, etc … I don’t mind saying that we aim to make any person in the world that has any relation to the art market or art history an addict of Artprice. In 2010, Artprice provided free data for nearly 54 million visitors. As long as we do not lose money, we are perfectly happy to create this addiction that has penetrated almost all the institutional and private organizations interested in art around the world. You have to be very patient, but with the growth of the Internet, Robert Metcalfe’s law applies: « the usefulness of a network is proportional to the square of the number of its users. »
Boursica: Following the first interview, you had a dispute with Artnet. What was that about?
Thierry Ehrmann:
Artnet, which is not in the same business as us, had to lower its guard on the comments contained in the interview (that we maintain in every way) as we have launched proceedings against them for violation of our intellectual property rights. By the way, I would like to adjust what I said in the first interview by indicating that in a single trading day Artprice represents a volume of transactions in the year 2011 equivalent to about 3 months of trading Artnet. In addition, we note that Artnet exited the official market in September to enter the free market in Germany, which is a terrible regression for both its shareholders and for the company.
Boursica: Speaking of the stock market, how is Artprice doing?
Thierry Ehrmann:
At 5 October 2011, Artprice posted the best stock market performance on the French regulated market with +158% and a total transaction volume of more than 702 million euros since 1 January 2011. Once again, the market is an instinctive animal. These figures clearly indicate that the market has made its own investigation, commissioned its own studies and investigations at the heart of the Art Market. You do not exchange 700 million euros in nine months of transactions by accident, especially during the worst stock market crash in history. In old stock market lingo, I would say that we spoke the truth to the market, and the market has fully heard and replied in both volume and price.
Boursica: Are your targets the same as in our first interview in June 2011, despite the crash this summer?
Thierry Ehrmann:
Absolutely! I am strongly maintaining our targets communicated in June 2011, namely, that the price has first of all returned to the levels reached in 2005/2006, i.e. 30 euros when we started talking about the transposition of the Services Directive. This price was a simple return to normal before France decided to exasperate Europe for 5 years by its pathetic refusal to transpose the reform of the auction market, particularly, the electronic aspect. I seriously maintain that our target price should be at least 67 euros which was our highest quoted price before the creation of the Standardized Marketplace in 2005. We have fulfilled all the commitments of our listing prospectus. In fact we are way ahead of the commitments in the 1999 prospectus. I remind you that we have reached 58 euros, in very substantial volumes, and there are still three months to go…
I therefore reiterate that the old stock market adage: « price seen, price re-seen » is indeed a market reality. Artprice has proved that this adage applies to it beyond any doubt… even in times of crisis.
Boursica: In all honesty, what is your vision of the Western economy?
Thierry Ehrmann:
I will answer you simply by quoting the theorist Antonio Gramsci « there is a crisis when the old world will not die and the new world cannot be born ». Remaining with the metaphor, « the world is one big family in which in Europe I find an old friend plagued by a long incurable disease. Then in Asia, I am faced with a teenager full of energy and insolence, and as I return to the States, I see an obese man who refuses to see his condition and continues his bulimic frenzy ». These words should make us understand that the crisis is now existential and it requires additional soul and history, without which we are heading straight into the wall.
Boursica: News being what it is, what do you think of Steve Jobs who has just died?
Thierry Ehrmann:
He was simply iconoclastic and had the ability to accomplish his dreams by embodying them in the computer industry that is indeed a merciless arena. His passion allowed him to imagine and conceptualize the 21st century. I would describe him more as a philosopher of the digital age and of nomadism than as an entrepreneur. I am sure that where he is today, he is already preparing the version 9.0 of the tri-dimensional iPad 7G!
Boursica: Please allow me to repeat the question I asked you in the first interview: do you have a prediction for the future of Artprice?
Thierry Ehrmann:
I reiterate that we have kept our commitments beyond the listing prospectus of 1999, passing through the crisis of the NASDAQ in 2000, the attacks of 11 September 2001, the Iraq war of 2003, the huge financial crisis that started in 2007 and that has now become a colossal state debt debacle. I know very few companies listed on the regulated market that have survived without ever having carried out capital increases, and which have gained, during this period, a world leader position! Compared with the June 2011 interview, I change my position concerning the future of Artprice because in view of the agreements and contacts that we have built in the three months since the adoption of the Law of 20 July 2011, I believe we have reached only 5% of Artprice’s story, and I believe that henceforward much of our future history will be in Asia.
Boursica.com © 2002-2011 All Rights Reserved
To read the first interview: 5 June 2011, Exclusive interview with Thierry Ehrmann, CEO of Artprice.com: http://serveur.serveur.com/Press_Release/pressreleaseEN.htm#20110606
Discover the Alchemy and the universe of Artprice: http://web.artprice.com/video/
Or contact Artprice for a DVD to be sent to you free of charge.
Artprice is the world leader in art market information with over 27 million auction prices and indices covering over 405,000 artists. Artprice Images® offers unlimited access to the largest database of art market information in the world, a library of 108,000,000 images and engravings of art works from 1700 to the present day. Artprice continuously updates its databases with information from 3,600 international auction houses and provides daily information on art market trends to the main financial press agencies and to 6,300 press titles worldwide. Artprice offers standardised adverts to its 1,300,000 members (member log in) and is the world’s leading market place for buying and selling works of art (source: Artprice).
Artprice is listed on Eurolist by Euronext Paris: Euroclear: 7478 – Bloomberg: PRC – Reuters: ARTF
Artprice releases: http://serveur.serveur.com/press_release/pressreleaseen.htm
Follow the Art Market in real time:
Twitter Code: http://twitter.com/artpricedotcom/
Artprice: the 2010 art market annual report – China winner of the past decade
Artprice: the 2010 art market annual report – China winner of the past decade
During the past decade, two strong trends have emerged: firstly, as per the words of Thierry Ehrmann, the Ceo and founder of Artprice, the world leader in art market information, “we have seen a veritable revolution in the geopolitics of the global art market… Over the last 10 years, China jumped from ninth place to first place in 2010, becoming the world’s largest auction marketplace for Fine Art and overtaking the United States and the UK, the grand masters of the market since the 1950s.” France, constantly loosing competitiveness year after year, comes out the big looser of the past decade, as shown by delay in implementing the auction reform required for 28 Dec. 2009 by the European Directive, and by the Drouot scandal, which is an ongoing judicial saga.
The second strong trend in the year 2010 is the unanimous statement by art market players that an unprecedented mutation has affected the commerce of art. The market’s very structure has changed, with the evolution of Internet and its 2 billion and a half users who have triggered the dramatic acceleration of online art sales. The competition generated by the more than 260 art fairs organised each year around the world and the importance of investors and investment funds in the market. The example they set and the media attention they received was sufficiently strong to make investment in art a new socio-cultural phenomenon. The assimilation of art to a financial asset by a minority of investors clearly gave birth to a new model: that of an “art exchange”. China seems to have been a pioneer in this field as the Chinese government launched in 2009 the Shenzen Cultural Assets and Equity Exchange (SZCAEE).
The year 2010 was rich in events: after the strong price inflation between 2004 and 2008 and the severe market contraction from October 2008 to the summer of 2009, a rapid recovery followed, taking the market to unprecedented highs. In short… the decade saw a very substantial acceleration of the market and a considerable shift of its polarity towards Asia.
After the previous art market meltdown in 1991, it took 4 years of patience before prices began to recover. This time round it took only 18 months.
In 2008, after the collapse of Lehman Brothers, China became the motor of global economic recovery. At the same time, the Chinese government showed the importance it attributes to art and culture at events such as the Olympic Games in 2008, the World Expo in Shanghai in 2010 and with the groundwork performed by the Ministry of Culture and Finance to make museums free in China. The pride of Chinese culture has also been clearly expressed by its valuation on world markets. Chinese collectors are regarded as role models, working for the good of the nation. Indeed, on the back of the sponsorship and investment patronage of these collectors, Chinese artists have closed the price gap on Western artists incredibly quickly.
This year, Artprice’s annual art market report – based on 5.4 million auction results from 3,600 auction houses around the world and distributed to over 6,300 media organisations and international institutions every year in 7 languages – will focus particularly on China’s successful conquest of the global art market. Our 2010 Art Market Trends contain macro- and micro-economic analyses providing the keys to understanding the annual evolution of the global auction market. It discusses the major trends in the market, analysed throughout the year on the ArtMarketInsight page of our website, by the Artprice press agency and by our Econometrics Department. To complement this objective appreciation of the art market based on a year of global auction results, Artprice also offers numerous original rankings such as the Top 500 artists by auction revenue and the Top 100 auction results of the year.
Download the entire document in PDF format (free of charge)
http://imgpublic.artprice.com/pdf/trends2010_en.pdf
Download available in German, Italian, Spanish, languages soon.
Chinese version: http://imgpublic.artprice.com/pdf/trends2010_zh.pdf
Content
Editorial
Roller coaster
Post-War and Contemporary Art in the global market
2010: Renewed competition
A mixed return for Contemporary signatures: the “successes” of Hirst, Murakami and Koons
China: the new global leader
New York vs Beijing
Catching up on Old Masters and imposing their Contemporary artists
France’s place in the art world
Art Market Confidence Index – 2010, a positive year
Twitter: 2010 in 140 characters
Top 10 Artists
Top 100 auction performances in 2010
Top 500 artists by auction revenue in 2010
Source: http://www.artprice.com (c)1987-2011 thierry Ehrmann
Discover the Alchemy and the universe of Artprice: http://web.artprice.com/video/
Artprice is the world leader in art market information with over 27 million auction prices and indices covering over 450,000 artists. Artprice Images® offers unlimited access to the largest database of art market information in the world, a library of 108,000,000 images and engravings of art works from 1700 to the present day. Artprice continuously updates its databases with information from 3,600 international auction houses and provides daily information on art market trends to the main financial press agencies and to 6,300 press titles worldwide. Artprice offers standardised adverts to its 1,300,000 members (member log in) and is the world’s leading market place for buying and selling works of art (source: Artprice).
Artprice is listed on Eurolist by Euronext Paris: Euroclear: 7478 – Bloomberg: PRC – Reuters: ARTF
Artprice releases: http://serveur.serveur.com/press_release/pressreleaseen.htm
The Art Market in real time by Artprice on Twitter: http://twitter.com/artpricedotcom/
Shock wave through the art market… China now ranks first, ahead of the USA and the UK
Shock wave through the art market…
China now ranks first, ahead of the USA and the UK
According to Thierry Ehrmann, founder and CEO of Artprice, world leader in art market information, “this unprecedented news represents a turning point in the history of the global art market: China is now the number 1 in terms of Fine art auction revenue”. It took just three years for China to jump from third place (previously occupied by France) in 2007 to first place in 2010, ahead of the UK and the USA, the grand masters of the market since the 1950s.
To reverse the polarity of the global art market from West to East, China has done without artifices such as hypothetical figures from art galleries ( an opaque market compared to public auctions) or even that of furniture or traditional Chinese art objects (the prices of which are shooting up worldwide). Since the 1950s, the reference ranking for the art market has been that of Fine Art at Public Auctions.
In 2010, China accounted for 33% of global Fine Art sales (paintings, installations, sculptures, drawings, photography, prints), versus 30% in the USA, 19 %in the UK and 5% in France *.
Moreover, there were 4 Chinese artists in the Top-10 ranking of global artists by auction revenue for 2010 (vs. 1 in 2009), the lowest of whom generated $112 million dollars during the year. Qi Baishi was in 2nd place ahead Andy Warhol and ahead of his compatriot Zhang Daqian; Xu Beihong took 6th place with a total of $176m and Fu Baoshi was 9th. The younger generation of Chinese artists is now imposing itself even more forcefully that their older counterparts: More than half of the 2010 global Top 10 of Contemporary artists are Chinese (Zeng Fanzhi, Chen Yifei, Wang Yidong, Zhang Xiaogang, Liu Xiaodong and Liu Ye) compared with just three Americans (Basquiat, Koons, and Prince)*.
The heart of the market now beats in Beijing, Hong Kong and Shanghai, the new driving hubs of the global art market. In 2010 Sotheby’s Hong Kong revenue amounted for 2%. At the same time, Christie’s 2010 Hong Kong total was 2,5% and China’s big 4 annual revenues were: Poly International (7,4%), China Guardian (5,32%), Beijing Council (2,07%), Hanhai Art Auction in Beijing (2,74%)*.
Not only has China’s economic strength (second global power in 2010) boosted its art market and projected its culture around the world, but China’s art sector has benefited from the support of its government and of Chinese collectors who are as patriotic as they are prompt to invest. China has understood the Power of Art in the history of nations. In addition, the number of auction records for Chinese artworks is bound to increase as the number of Chinese billionaires rises by 20% per year through 2014 vs. 5.6% p.a. for the rest of the planet.
* Extracts from Artprice art market report 2010, freely downloadable starting 5th April 2011 at www.artprice.com in English, French, Chinese, German, Spanish, Italian
Source: http://www.artprice.com ©1987-2011 thierry Ehrmann
Discover the Alchemy and the universe of Artprice: http://web.artprice.com/video/
Artprice is the world leader in art market information with over 27 million auction prices and indices covering over 450,000 artists. Artprice Images® offers unlimited access to the largest database of art market information in the world, a library of 108,000,000 images and engravings of art works from 1700 to the present day. Artprice continuously updates its databases with information from 3,600 international auction houses and provides daily information on art market trends to the main financial press agencies and to 6,300 press titles worldwide. Artprice offers standardised adverts to its 1,300,000 members (member log in) and is the world’s leading market place for buying and selling works of art (source: Artprice).
Artprice is listed on Eurolist by Euronext Paris: Euroclear: 7478 – Bloomberg: PRC – Reuters: ARTF
Artprice releases: http://serveur.serveur.com/press_release/pressreleaseen.htm
The Art Market in real time by Artprice on Twitter: http://twitter.com/artpricedotcom/
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